Skip to main content

Past Plague

  • Chapter
Paleomicrobiology

The recent discovery, by two independent teams, of Yersinia pestis DNA in human remains dating from two historical plague pandemics, has generated renewed interest in the epidemiology of past plague epidemics. A scenario involving one of the three different Y. pestis pathovars identified at the time in each of the three pandemics was proposed in 1951. Palaeomicrobiologic and genetic data support an alternative scenario, with an Orientalis-like strain originating from Asia being responsible for all three plague pandemics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Advisory Committee (1907) Reports on plague investigations in India. J Hyg 7:323–476

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Achtman M, Zurth K, Morelli G, Torrea G, Guiyoule A, Carniel E (1999) Yersinia pestis the cause of plague is a recently emerged clone of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:14043–14048

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Achtman M, Morelli G, Zhu P, Wirth T, Diehl I, Kusecek B, Vogler AJ, Wagner DM, Allender CJ, Easterday WR, Chenal-Francisque V, Worsham P, Thomson NR, Parkhill J, Lindler LE, Carniel E, Keim P (2004) Microevolution and history of the plague bacillus Yersinia pestis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:17837–17842

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anisimov AP, Lindler LE, Pier GB (2004) Intraspecific diversity of Yersinia pestis. Clin Microbiol Rev 17:434–464

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chain PS, Carniel E, Larimer FW, Lamerdin J, Stoutland PO, Regala WM, Georgescu AM, Vergez LM, Land ML, Motin VL, Brubaker RR, Fowler J, Hinnebusch J, Marceau M, Medigue C, Simonet M, Chenal-Francisque V, Souza B, Dacheux D, Elliott JM, Derbise A, Hauser LJ, Garcia E (2004) Insights into the evolution of Yersinia pestis through whole-genome comparison with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:13826–13831

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chain PS, Hu P, Malfatti SA, Radnedge L, Larimer F, Vergez LM, Worsham P, Chu MC, Andersen GL (2006) Complete genome sequence of Yersinia pestis strains Antiqua and Nepal516: evidence of gene reduction in an emerging pathogen. J Bacteriol 188:4453–4463

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chanteau S, Ratsifasoamanana L, Rasoamanana B, Rahalison L, Randriambelosoa J, Roux J, Rabeson D (1998) Plague a reemerging disease in Madagascar. Emerg Infect Dis 4:101–104

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deng W, Burland V, Plunkett G III, Boutin A, Mayhew GF, Liss P, Perna NT, Rose DJ, Mau B, Zhou S, Schwartz DC, Fetherston JD, Lindler LE, Brubaker RR, Plano GV, Straley SC, McDonough KA, Nilles ML, Matson JS, Blattner FR, Perry RD (2002) Genome sequence of Yersinia pestis KIM. J Bacteriol 184:4601–4611

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Derbise A, Chenal-Francisque V, Pouillot F, Fayolle C, Prevost MC, Medigue C, Hinnebusch BJ, Carniel E (2007) A horizontally acquired filamentous phage contributes to the pathogenicity of the plague bacillus. Mol Microbiol 63:1145–1157

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Devignat R (1951) Varieties of Pasteurella pestis; new hypothesis. Bull World Health Organ 4:247–263

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drancourt M, Raoult D (2005) Palaeomicrobiology: current issues and perspectives. Nat Rev Microbiol 3:23–35

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drancourt M, Aboudharam G, Signoli M, Dutour O, Raoult D (1998) Detection of 400-year-old Yersinia pestis DNA in human dental pulp: an approach to the diagnosis of ancient septicemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:12637–12640

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drancourt M, Roux V, Dang LV, Tran-Hung L, Castex D, Chenal-Francisque V, Ogata H, Fournier PE, Crubezy E, Raoult D (2004) Genotyping Orientalis-like Yersinia pestis and plague pandemics. Emerg Infect Dis 10:1585–1592

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drancourt M, Houhamdi L, Raoult D (2006) Yersinia pestis as a telluric human ectoparasite-borne organism Lancet Infect Dis 6:234–241

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Enselme J (1969) Commentaries on the great plague of 1348 in Avignon (in French). Rev Lyon Med 17:697–710

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gage KL, Ostfeld RS, Olson JG (1995) Nonviral vector-borne zoonoses associated with mammals in the United States. J Mammalogy 76:695–715

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Galimand M, Guiyoule A, Gerbaud G, Rasoamanana B, Chanteau S, Carniel E, Courvalin P (1997) Multidrug resistance in Yersinia pestis mediated by a transferable plasmid. New Engl J Med 337:677–680

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gauthier J, Raybaud A (1903) Recherches expérimentales sur le rôle des parasites du rat dans la trasmission de la peste. Rev Hyg 1903:426–438

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert MTP, Cuccui J, White W, Lynnerup N, Titball RW, Cooper A, Prentice MB (2004) Absence of Yersinia pestis-specific DNA in human teeth from five European excavations of putative plague victims. Microbiology 150:341–354

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guiyoule A, Grimont F, Iteman I, Grimont PA, Lefevre M, Carniel E (1994) Plague pandemics investigated by ribotyping of Yersinia pestis strains. J Clin Microbiol 32:634–641

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Houhamdi L, Lepidi H, Drancourt M, Raoult D (2006) Experimental model to evaluate the human body louse as a vector of plague. J Infect Dis 194:1589–1596

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Inglesby TV, Dennis DT, Henderson DA, Bartlett JG, Ascher MS, Eitzen E, Fine AD, Friedlander AM, Hauer J, Koerner JF, Layton M, McDade J, Osterholm MT, O’Toole T, Parker G, Perl TM, Russell PK, Schoch-Spana M, Tonat K, Working Group on Civilian Biodefense (2000) Plague as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. JAMA 283:2281–2290

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kitasato S (1894) The bacillus of bubonic plague. Lancet 2:428–430

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Le Flèche P, Hauck Y, Onteniente L, Prieur A, Denoeud F, Ramisse V, Sylvestre P, Benson G, Ramisse F, Vergnaud G (2001) A tandem repeats database for bacterial genomes: application to the genotyping of Yersinia pestis and Bacillus anthracis. BMC Microbiol 1:2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lowell JL, Wagner DM, Atshabar B, Antolin MF, Vogler AJ, Keim P, Chu MC, Gage KL (2005) Identifying sources of human exposure to plague. J Clin Microbiol 43:650–656

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lucier TS, Brubaker RR (1992) Determination of genome size macrorestriction pattern polymorphism and nonpigmentation-specific deletion in Yersinia pestis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. J Bacteriol 174:2078–2086

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McKeown T (1988) The origins of human diseases. Blackwell, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Motin VL, Georgescu AM, Elliott JM, Hu P, Worsham PL, Ott LL, Slezak TR, Sokhansanj BA, Regala WM, Brubaker RR, Garcia E (2002) Genetic variability of Yersinia pestis isolates as predicted by PCR-based IS100 genotyping and analysis of structural genes encoding glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (glpD). J Bacteriol 184:1019–1027

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Papagrigorakis MJ, Yapijakis C, Synodinos PN, Baziotopoulou-Valavani E (2006) DNA examination of ancient dental pulp incriminates typhoid fever as a probable cause of the Plague of Athens. Int J Infect Dis 10:206–214

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parkhill J, Wren BW, Thomson NR, Titball RW, Holden MT, Prentice MB, Sebaihia M, James KD, Churcher C, Mungall KL, Baker S, Basham D, Bentley SD, Brooks K, Cerdeno-Tarraga AM, Chillingworth T, Cronin A, Davies RM, Davis P, Dougan G, Feltwell T, Hamlin N, Holroyd S, Jagels K, Karlyshev AV, Leather S, Moule S, Oyston PC, Quail M, Rutherford K, Simmonds M, Skelton J, Stevens K, Whitehead S, Barrell BG (2001) Genome sequence of Yersinia pestis–the causative agent of plague. Nature 413:523–527

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perry RD, Fetherston JD (1997) Yersinia pestis – etiologic agent of plague. Clin Microbiol Rev 10:35–66

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pollitzer R (1954) Plague. World Health Organization, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Pourcel C, André-Mazeaud F, Neubauer H, Ramisse F, Vergnaud G (2004) Tandem repeats analysis for the high resolution phylogenetic analysis of Yersinia pestis. BMC Microbiol 4:22

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Procopius A (1914) History of the wars I. Loeb Classical Library, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Pusch CM, Rahalison L, Blin N, Nicholson GJ, Czarnetzki A (2004) Yersinial F1 antigen and the cause of Black Death. Lancet Infect Dis 4:484–485

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Radnedge L, Gamez-Chin S, McCready PM, Worsham PL, Andersen GL (2001) Identification of nucleotide sequences for the specific and rapid detection of Yersinia pestis. Appl Environ Microbiol 67:3759–3762

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rakin A, Heesemann J (1995) The established Yersinia pestis biovars are characterized by typical patterns of I-CeuI restriction fragment length polymorphism. Mol Gen Mikrobiol Virusol July–Sep:26–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Raoult D, Aboudharam G, Crubezy E, Larrouy G, Ludes B, Drancourt M (2000) Molecular identification by “suicide PCR” of Yersinia pestis as the agent of medieval black death. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:12800–12803

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Signoli M, Da Silva J, Léonetti G, Dutour O (1996) Verification of death during the Great Plague of Marseilles: anthropological data from the excavation of the mass grave of l’Observance.C R Acad Sci Paris 322:333–339

    Google Scholar 

  • Simond PL (1898) La propagation de la peste. Ann Inst Pasteur 10:626–687

    Google Scholar 

  • Skurnik M, Peippo A, Ervela E (2000) Characterization of the O-antigen gene clusters of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and the cryptic O-antigen gene cluster of Yersinia pestis shows that the plague bacillus is most closely related to and has evolved from Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype O:1b. Mol Biol Evol 37:316–330

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Song Y, Tong Z, Wang J, Wang L, Guo Z, Han Y, Zhang J, Pei D, Zhou D, Qin H, Pang X, Han Y, Zhai J, Li M, Cui B, Qi Z, Jin L, Dai R, Chen F, Li S, Ye C, Du Z, Lin W, Wang J, Yu J, Yang H, Wang J, Huang P, Yang R (2004) Complete genome sequence of Yersinia pestis strain 91001: an isolate avirulent to humans. DNA Res 11:179–197

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wiechmann I, Grupe G (2005) Detection of Yersinia pestis DNA in two early medieval skeletal finds from Aschheim (Upper Bavaria 6th century A.D.). Am J Phys Anthropol 126:48–55

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wren BW (2000) Microbial genome analysis: insights into virulence host adaptation and evolution. Nat Rev Genet 1:30–39

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yersin A (1894) La peste bubonique à Hong-Kong. Ann Inst Pasteur 8:662–667

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou D, Tong Z, Song Y, Han Y, Pei D, Pang X, Zhai J, Li M, Cui B, Qi Z, Jin L, Dai R, Du Z, Wang J, Guo Z, Wang J, Huang P, Yang R (2004) Genetics of metabolic variations between Yersinia pestis biovars and the proposal of a new biovar microtus. J Bacteriol 186:5147–5152

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ziegler P (1991) The Black Death. Sutton, Wolfeboro Falls, NH

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Raoult, D., Drancourt, M. (2008). Past Plague. In: Raoult, D., Drancourt, M. (eds) Paleomicrobiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75855-6_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics