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Hemoglobin Senses Body Temperature

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Bioengineering in Cell and Tissue Research

Abstract

The chapter addresses the question whether hemoglobin (protein) can “sense” body temperature. When human red blood cells (RBCs) were aspirated into 1.3μm pipettes (∆P = −2.3 kPa), a transition from blocking the pipette below T c = 36.3±0.3 °C to passing it above T c occurred (passage transition). With a 1.1 μm pipette no passage was seen and RBC volume measurements were possible. With increasing temperature RBCs lost volume significantly faster below than above T c =36.4±0.7 °C (RBC volume transition). Colloid osmotic pressure (COP) measurements of RBCs in plasma (25 °C ≤ T ≤ 39.5 °C) showed a turning point at T c = 37.1±0.2 °C above which the COP rapidly decreased (COP transition). In NMR T1 relaxation time measurements the T1 of RBCs in plasma changed from a linear (r = 0.99) increment of T1 below T c = 37±1 °C at a rate of 0.023 s/K, into a parallel to the temperature axis above this point (RBC T1 transition). In conclusion: during micropipette aspiration, an amorphous gel forms in the spherical trail of the aspirated RBC, consisting of mostly hemoglobin and water. At T c a fluidization of the gel occurs and non-covalent bonds (Van-der-Waals bonds) break down due to thermal energy enabling cell passage. The passage, the volume, the COP, and the RBC T1 transitions all happen at distinct T c close to body temperature. We suggest a transition gel to liquid to be a common mechanism of these phenomena. T c may mark the set point of a species’ normal body temperature which might be inscribed in the primary structure of a species’ hemoglobin and possibly in other proteins. The concepts of non-linearity and phase transitions in protein-water systems might bring novel exciting aspects into cell biology.

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  1. Institute of Bioengineering, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Aachen, Germany

    Gerhard M. Artmann & Ilya Digel

  2. Research Center Jülich, PTJ, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428, Jülich, Germany

    Kay F. Zerlin

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  1. Cellular Engineering, Aachen University of Sciences, Ginsterweg 1, 52428, Jülich, Germany

    Gerhard M. Artmann

  2. Department of Bioengineering and Whitaker Institute of Biomedical Engineering San Diego, University of California, 92093-0412, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Shu Chien

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Artmann, G., Zerlin, K., Digel, I. (2008). Hemoglobin Senses Body Temperature. In: Artmann, G., Chien, S. (eds) Bioengineering in Cell and Tissue Research. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75409-1_17

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