Three-Dimensional Structure Analysis of the Protein Backbone and Side Chains

Abstract

Protein 3-D structures are diverse and can be quite complicated. In this chapter, we attempt to describe protein structure using mathematical language. First of all, we introduce the structural relationship between four discrete points, called the space conformation theory of four-atom points. We then describe the protein backbone as a triangle splicing belt, consisting of the atoms N, A and C, and analyze the belt via the space conformation theory of four-atom points. In the meantime, the protein side chains can be considered components localized in this space triangle belt. We discuss the configuration structure of oxygen atoms and carbon atoms on the backbones, and give a statistical analysis of the structural parameters of atoms located on the backbones and side chains of protein.