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Springer Handbook of Crystal Growth pp 205–229Cite as

Indium Phosphide: Crystal Growth and Defect Control by Applying Steady Magnetic Fields

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Abstract

The application of steady magnetic fields during crystal growth of indium phosphide is described, and the effect of the magnetic fields on crystal properties is analyzed. The use of magnetic fields is one of many engineering controls that can improve homogeneity and crystal quality. This method is especially relevant to InP because of the high pressure requirement for crystal growth. Under high pressure, fluid flows in the melt and in the gas environment can become uncontrolled and turbulent, with negative effects on crystal quality and reproducibility. If properly configured, a steady magnetic field can reduce random oscillatory motion in the melt and reduce the likelihood of defect formation during growth. This chapter presents the history and development of magnetic-field-assisted growth of InP and an analysis of the effects of applied fields on crystal quality.

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Abbreviations

BPS:

Burton–Prim–Slichter

CW:

continuous wave

DLTS:

deep-level transient spectroscopy

EM:

electromagnetic

GDMS:

glow-discharge mass spectrometry

IR:

infrared

LEC:

liquid encapsulation Czochralski

LVM:

local vibrational mode

MLEC:

magnetic liquid-encapsulated Czochralski

MLEK:

magnetically stabilized liquid-encapsulated Kyropoulos

MMIC:

monolithic microwave integrated circuit

OEIC:

optoelectronic integrated circuit

PC:

photoconductivity

PL:

photoluminescence

SWBXT:

synchrotron white beam x-ray topography

TPB:

three-phase boundary

VB:

valence band

VB:

vertical Bridgman

VGF:

vertical gradient freeze

YAG:

yttrium aluminum garnet

sPC:

scanning photocurrent

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sensors Directorate Optoelectronic Technology Branch, US Air Force Research Laboratory, 80 Scott Drive, 01731, Hanscom AFB, MA, USA

    David F. Bliss

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  1. David F. Bliss
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Renewable Energy Company, 18 Celina Avenue, 03063, Nashua, NH, USA

    Govindhan Dhanaraj Dr.

  2. Department of Geology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, 570 006, Mysore, India

    Kullaiah Byrappa Ph.D.

  3. University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, 76203-5017, Denton, TX, USA

    Vishwanath Prasad Dr.

  4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stony Brook University, 11794-2275, Stony Brook, NY, USA

    Michael Dudley Dr.

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Bliss, D.F. (2010). Indium Phosphide: Crystal Growth and Defect Control by Applying Steady Magnetic Fields. In: Dhanaraj, G., Byrappa, K., Prasad, V., Dudley, M. (eds) Springer Handbook of Crystal Growth. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74761-1_7

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