Abstract
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is a noninvasive method that provides images similar to those obtained by X-ray digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Blood motion causes two phenomena that change longitudinal and transverse spin magnetization, both of which can be exploited to generate angiographic images. First, time of flight (TOF) effects arise from the movement of longitudinal magnetization during a relatively long period. Second, a flow phenomenon occurs when transverse magnetization moves in the direction of a magnetic field gradient. These effects can be exploited to generate “time of flight” and “phase contrast” angiographic images, respectively, without the use of contrast medium (CM), and their use in clinical practice reflects the state-of-the-art technology available at the time (see also Chap. 1).
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Meaney, J.F.M., Sheehan, J., Boos, M. (2010). MR Angiography. In: Reimer, P., Parizel, P.M., Meaney, J.F.M., Stichnoth, F.A. (eds) Clinical MR Imaging. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74504-4_11
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