This chapter is focused on the different types of benthic, plant and animal communities found in the photic zone of the Askö area. The description of these phytobenthic communities is also relevant for the entire Swedish coastline of the Baltic Proper. Only a few species disappear from the southern coast up to the Askö area and a few new species of freshwater origin occur at the northern border of the Stockholm Archipelago. For the Askö area, a comparison is made with the 1970s, and trends over the last 10 years are described. Some original data are presented. The deeper benthic and pelagic systems are more briefly described. Only a fraction of the results of the extensive research carried out in the Askö area since the 1960s can be presented in this review.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adrian R, Hansson S, Sandin B, Stasio Bd, Larsson U (1999) Effects of food availability and predation on a marine zooplankton community: a study on copepods in the Baltic Sea. Int Rev Hydrobiol 6:609–626
Alexandesson H (2000) Var det växthuseffekten? http://www.smf.su.se/nyfiken/ostersjo/arsrapp/ostersjo00/vaxthus.pdf
Andersson S, Kautsky L, Kalvas A (1994) Circadian and lunar gamete release in the Fucus vesiculosus in the atidal Baltic Sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 110:195–201
Aneer G (1975) Composition of food of the Baltic herring (Clupea harengus v. membras L.) fourhorn sculpin (Myxocephalus quadricornis L.) and eel-pout (Zoarces viviparus L.) from deep soft bottom trawling in the Askö-Landsort area during two consecutive years. Merentutimuslait. Julk/Havsforskningsinst Skr 239:146–154
Aneer G (1980) Estimates of feeding pressure on pelagic and benthic organisms by Baltic herring (Clupea harengus v. membras L.). Ophelia 1 [Suppl]:265–275
Aneer G (1985) Some speculations about the Baltic herring in connection with the eutrophication of the Baltic Sea. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 42:83–90
Aneer G, Nellbring S (1982) A SCUBA-diving investigation of Baltic herring (Clupea harengus v. membras L.) spawning grounds in the Askö-Landsort area, northern Baltic proper. J Fish Biol 21:433–442
Ankar S, Elmgren R (1976) The benthic macro- and meiofauna of the Askö-Landsort area (northern Baltic proper). Contrib Askö Lab 11:1–115
Björk M, Gilek M, Kautsky N, Näf C (2000) In situ determination of PCB biodeposition by Mytilus edulis in a Baltic coastal ecosystem. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 194:193–201
Ejdung G, Byrén L, Elmgren R (2000) Benthic predator–prey interactions: evidence that adult Monoporeia affinis (Amphipoda) eat postlarval Macoma balthica (Bivalvia). J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 253:243–251
Ejdung G, Elmgren R (1998) Predation on newly settled bivalves by deposit-feeding amphipods: a Baltic Sea case study. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 168:87–94
Elmgren R (1976) Baltic benthos communities and the role of the meiofauna. Contrib Askö Lab 14:1–31
Elmgren R, Larsson U (1997) Himmerfjärden- förändringar i näringsbelastat kustekosystem i Östersjön. Naturvårdsverket, Report 4565:1–197
Eriksson BK, Johansson J, Snoeijs P (1998) Long-term changes in the sublittoral zonation of brown algae in the southern Bothnian Sea. Eur J Phycol 33:241–249
Haage P (1975a) Quantitative investigations of the Baltic Fucus belt macrofauna 3. Seasonal variation in biomass, reproduction and population dynamics of the dominant taxa. Contrib Askö Laboratory 10:1–84
Haage P (1975b) Quantitative investigations of the Baltic Fucus belt macrofauna. Quantitative seasonal fluctuations. Contrib Askö Lab 9:1–88
Hajdu S, Larsson U, Moestrup O (1996) Seasonal dynamics of Chrysochromulina species (Prymnesiophyceae) in a coastal area and a nutrient-enriched inlet of the northern Baltic proper. Bot Mar 39:281–295
Hansson S (1993) Variation in hydroacoustic abundance of pelagic fish. Fish Res 16:203–222
Hansson S, Arrhenius F, Nellbring S (1997a) Food web interactions in a Baltic Sea coastal area. Monograph: Forage fishes in marine ecosystems. In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Role of Forage Fishes in Marine Ecosystems, 13–16 November 1996, Anchorage, Alaska, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, pp 281–291
Hansson S, Hobbie JE, Elmgren R, Larsson U, Fry B, Johansson S (1997b) The stable nitrogen isotope ratio as a marker of food-web interactions and fish migration. Ecology 78:2249–2257
Hansson S, Larsson U, Johansson S (1990) Selective predation by herring and mysids, and zooplankton community structure in a Baltic Sea coastal area. J Plankton Res 12:1099–1116
Hill C (1991) Mechanisms influencing the growth, reproduction and mortality of two co-occuring amphipod species in the Baltic Sea. PhD Thesis, Stockholm University, ISBN: 91–87272-27-X, http://www.baltic.vtt.fi/pdfs/C_Hill.pdf
Hill C (1992) Interactions between year classes in the benthic amphipod Monoporeia affinis: effects on juvenile survival and growth. Oecologia 91:157–162
Idestam-Almqvist J (1998a) Temporal and spatial variation of submersed aquatic plants in the Baltic Sea. PhD Thesis, Stockholm University
Idestam-Almqvist J (1998b) Waterfowl herbivory on Potamogeton pectinatus in the Baltic Sea. Oikos 81:323–328
Jansson AM (1974) Community structure, modelling and simulation of the Cladophora ecosystem in the Baltic Sea. Contrib Askö Lab 5:1–130
Jansson A-M, Kautsky N (1977) Quantitative survey of hard bottom communities in a Baltic archipelago. In: Keegan BF, Ceidigh PO, Boaden PJS (eds) Biology of benthic organisms. Pergamon Press, New York, pp 359–366
Jansson A-M, Kautsky N, Oertzen J-Av, Schramm W, Sjöstedt B, Wachenfeldt Tv, Wallentinus I (1982) Structural and functional relationship in a southern Baltic Fucus ecosystem–a joint study by the BMB Phytobenthos Group. Contrib Askö Lab 28:1–95
Jansson B-O, Wulff F (1977) Ecosystem analysis of a shallow sound in the northern Baltic–a joint study by the Askö group. Contrib Askö Lab 18:1–160
Jansson B-O, Aneer G, Nellbring S (1985) Spatial and temporal distribution of demersal fish fauna in a Baltic archipelago as estimated by SCUBA-census. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 23:31–43
Johansson M, Gorokhova E, Larsson U (2004) Annual variability in ciliate community structure, potential prey and predators in the open northern Baltic Sea proper. J Plankton Res 26:67–80
Johansson S (1992) Regulating factors for coastal zooplankton community structure in the northern Baltic proper. Dissertation, Department of Zoology, Stockholm, http://www.baltic.vtt.fi/pdfs/johansson.pdf, ISBN: 91–87272-28–8:30
Kangas P (1978) On the quantity of meiofauna among the epiphytes of Fucus vesiculosus in the Askö area, northern Baltic Sea. Contrib Askö Lab 24:1–32
Kangas P, Autio H, Hällfors G, Luther H, Niemi Å, Salemaa H (1982) A general model of the decline of Fucus vesiculosus at Tvärminne, south coast of Finland in 1977–81. Acta Bot Fenn 118:1–27
Kautsky H (1992) The impact of pulp mill effluents on phytobenthic communities of the Baltic Sea. Ambio 21:308–313
Kautsky H (1995a) Quantitative distribution of sublittoral plant and animal communities in the Baltic Sea gradient. In: Eleftheriou A, Ansell AA, Smith CJ (eds) Biology and ecology of shallow coastal waters. Proceedings of 28th EMBS, 23–28 September 1993, Crete. Olsen & Olsen, Fredensborg, pp 23–31
Kautsky H, van der Maarel E (1990) Multivariate approaches to the variation in benthic communities and environmental vectors in the Baltic Sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 60:169–184
Kautsky L (1991) In situ experiments on interrelationships between six brackish macrophyte species. Aquat Bot 39:159–172
Kautsky N (1974) Quantitative investigation of red algalbelt in the Askö area, Northen Baltic proper. Contrib Askö Lab 3:1–29
Kautsky N (1981) On the trophic role of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis L.) in a Baltic coastal ecosystem and the fate of the organic matter produced by the mussels. Kiel Meeresforsch Sonderh 5:454–461
Kautsky N, Evans S (1987) Role of biodeposition by Mytilus edulis in the circulation of matters in a Baltic coastal ecosystem. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 38:201–212
Kautsky N, Wallentinus I (1980) Nutrient release from a Baltic Mytilus–red algal community and its role in benthic and pelagic productivity. Ophelia 1[Suppl]:17–30
Kautsky N, Kautsky H, Kautsky U, Waern M (1986) Decreased depth penetration of Fucus vesiculosus L. since the 1940’s indicates eutrophication of the Baltic Sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 28:1–8
Kautsky U (1995b) Ecosystem processes in coastal areas of the Baltic Sea. Dissertation, Department of Zoology, Stockholm University
Kautsky U, Kautsky H (eds) (1993) Coastal productivity in the Baltic Sea. Proceedings of 28th EMBS, 23–28 September 1993, Crete. Olsen & Olsen, Heraklion, Crete
Kautsky U, Kautsky H (1995) Production and nutrient dynamics of coastal vegetation covered bottoms of the Baltic Sea. In: Eleftheriou A, Ansell AA, Smith CJ (eds) Biology and ecology of shallow coastal waters. 28th EMBS, 23–28 September 1993, Crete. Olsen & Olsen, Copenhagen, pp 31–38
Kotta J, Olafsson E (2003) Competition for food between the introduced polychaete Marenzelleria viridis (Verrill) and the native amphipod Monoporeia affinis Lindstrom in the Baltic Sea. J Sea Res 50:27–35
Kotta J, Orav-Kotta H, Kotta I, Simm M (2003) Effect of the introduced polychaete Marenzelleria viridis on the simple ecosystem in the northern Baltic Sea. Theme Session P. Physical–biological interactions in marginal and shelf seas. ICES Council Meeting documents, Copenhagen, no 2003
Kotta J, Kotta I, Simm M, Lankov A, Lautingson V, Pöllumäe A, Ojaver H (2006) Ecological consequences of biological invasions: three invertebrate case studies in the north-eastern Baltic Sea. Helgoland Mar Res 60:106–112
Larsson U (1986) The pelagic microheterothropic food web in the Baltic Sea: bacteria and their dependence on phytoplankton. PhD Thesis, Stockholm University:1–77
Larsson U, Hajdu S, Walve J, Elmgren R (2001) Baltic Sea nitrogen fixation estimated from the summer increase in upper mixed layer total nitrogen. Limnol Oceanogr 46:811–820
Littorin B, Gilek M (1999a) A photographic study of the recolonization of cleared patches in a dense population of Mytilus edulis in the northern Baltic proper. Hydrobiologia 393:211–219
Littorin B, Gilek M (1999b) Vertical patterns in biomass, size structure, growth and recruitment of Mytilus edulis in an archipelago area in the northern Baltic Sea. Ophelia 50:93–112
Munsterhjelm R (1997) The aquatic macrophyte vegetation of flads and gloes, S coast of Finland. Acta Bot Fenn 157:1–68
Nellbring S (1985) Abundance, biomass, and seasonal variation of fish on shallow soft bottoms in the Askö area, northern Baltic Proper. Sarsia 70:217–225
Nellbring S (1986) Quantitative and experimental study of goby (Pomatoschistus spp.) nests on a shallow soft bottom, northern Baltic Proper. Ophelia 25:15–23
Olafsson E, Elmgren R, Papakosta O (1993) Effects of the deposit-feeding benthic bivalve Macoma balthica on meiobenthos. Oecologia 93:457–462
Qvarfordt S, Kautsky H, Malm T (2006) Development of fouling communities on vertical structures in the Baltic Sea. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci 67:618–628
Rudstam LG, Hansson S, Larsson U (1986) Abundance, species composition and production of mysid shrimps in a coastal area of the northern Baltic Proper. Ophelia 4[Suppl]:225–238
Schramm W, Nienhuist PH (1996) Marine benthic vegetation. Recent changes and the effect of eutrophication. Springer, Berlin
Tedengren M, Kautsky N (1986) Comparative study of the physiology and its probable effect on size in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) from the North Sea and the northern Baltic proper. Ophelia 25:147–155
Tedengren M, Kautsky N (1987) Comparative stress response to diesel oil and salinity changes of the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis from the Baltic and North Seas. Ophelia 28:1–9
Waern M (1952) Rocky shore algae in the Öregrund archipelago. Acta Phytogeogr Suec 30:1–298
Wallentinus I (1972) Alger Zoologisk Revy, (Nyutgåva 1982: Fältbiologerna, Sollentuna) 34:69–84
Wallentinus I (1978) Productivity studies on Baltic macroalgae. Bot Mar 21:365–380
Wallentinus I (1979) Environmental influence on benthic macrovegetation in the Trosa–Askö area, northern Baltic proper. II. The ecology of macroalgae and submersed phanerogams. Askö Contribution no. 25, Stockhom University:1–210
Wallentinus I (1991) The Baltic Sea gradient. In: Mathieson AC, Nienhuist PH (eds) Ecosystems of the World 24. Intertidal and Littoral Ecosystems. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 83–108
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kautsky, H. (2008). Askö Area and Himmerfjärden. In: Schiewer, U. (eds) Ecology of Baltic Coastal Waters. Ecological Studies, vol 197. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73524-3_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73524-3_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-73523-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-73524-3
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)