Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag behandelt die neuropsychologischen Grundlagen der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS). Die PTBS ist eine Erkrankung, die sowohl psychische als auch kognitive und emotionale sowie körperliche Veränderungen unterschiedlicher Natur umfasst, die durch ein oder mehrere traumatische Ereignisse ausgelöst werden. Der Begriff der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung wurde zwar erst 1980 als nosologische Kategorie in der 3. Ausgabe des Diagnosehandbuches der amerikanischen Psychiatriegesellschaft (DSM-III, Diagnostisches und statistisches Manual psychischer Störungen) eingeführt, jedoch finden sich bereits in der älteren Literatur eine Vielzahl von teils anekdotischen Berichten über Zustände, die durch traumatische Ereignisse hervorgerufen wurden und denen der PTBS ähneln bzw. mit dieser vergleichbar sind. So finden sich schon in der Antike beim römischen Geschichtsschreiber Plutarch Berichte über Soldaten, bei denen infolge von traumatischen Ereignissen plötzliche Taubstummheit auftrat.
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Henning-Fast, K., Markowitsch, HJ. (2010). 13 Neuropsychologie der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS). In: Lautenbacher, S., Gauggel, S. (eds) Neuropsychologie psychischer Störungen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72340-0_13
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