Skip to main content

Automatic Conversions of Mathematical Braille: A Survey of Main Difficulties in Different Languages

  • Conference paper

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 3118))

Abstract

This article is a general discussion on the automatic mathematical Braille translations. There exist several Braille notations. Each of these Braille notations has particular / specific rules which make the difference between the other notations. Using simple mathematical formulas, we show some particular rules but not all the specific rules. These rules which facilitate the blind reading increase the difficulty of the translation on the side Braille to mainstream notation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Commission Evolution du Braille Français, Notation Mathematique Braille, mise a jour de la notation mathematique de 1971 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Braille Authority of the United Kingdom Mathematics committee, Braille Mathematics notation (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Miesenberger, K., Batusic, M., Stoëger, B.: (1998), retrieved April 16, 2003 from http://www.jussieu.fr/inova/publi/ntevh/labradoo.htm

  4. Karshmer, A.I.: (2002) Access to mathematics for Blind students retrieved April 16, 2003 from http://www.snv.jussieu.fr/inova/villette2002/res5.htm

  5. MathML (Mathematic Markup language), http://www.w3.org/Math

  6. Archambault, D., Burger, D.: The vickie project. In: Miesenberger, K., Klaus, J., Zagler, W.L. (eds.) ICCHP 2002. LNCS, vol. 2398, p. 90. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. Moço, V., Archambault, D.: A transcription tool for mathematical Braille. In: Craddock, G., McCormack, L., Reilly, R., Knops, H. (eds.) Proc. of the AAATE 2003 Conference in Dublin, Ireland, pp. 481–485. IOS Press, Amsterdam (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Du Bourguet, G., Burger, D.: Conversion Tools for DAISY 3.0 / NISO Z39.86-2002. In: Craddock, G., McCormack, L., Reilly, R., Knops, H. (eds.) Proc. of the AAATE 2003 Conference in Dublin, Ireland, pp. 446–450. IOS Press, Amsterdam (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Karshmer, A., Gupta, G., Miesenberger, K., Pontelli, E., Guo, H.-F.: The development of a tool to enhance communications between blind and sighted mathematicians, student and teachers : A global translation appliance (2001, HCI conference)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Moço, V., Archambault, D. (2004). Automatic Conversions of Mathematical Braille: A Survey of Main Difficulties in Different Languages. In: Miesenberger, K., Klaus, J., Zagler, W.L., Burger, D. (eds) Computers Helping People with Special Needs. ICCHP 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3118. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27817-7_95

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27817-7_95

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-22334-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-27817-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics