Abstract
Various approaches are available to evaluate the effectiveness of stress therapy. In this research, we compared virtual reality based stress therapy and imaginary technique which includes cultural elements such as typical Malaysian environment in 3D, Mozart, soothing breathing exercise and audio. It examines meditation effectiveness between virtual reality based stress therapy and imaginary technique using Electroencephalograph. The effectiveness of the virtual reality therapy and imaginary technique are measured by NeuroSky eSense Meditation level. Findings for both approaches indicated that there are positive changes in participants’ meditation state. Moreover, the virtual reality participants were observed to be in a better meditation state (significantly different) compared to the imaginary participants at the end of the study.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Gaware, V.M., Chavanke, A., Dolas, R.T.: Stress and its management. A Review 661(2), 155–180 (2013)
Singh, D.P.: Control of workplace stress : a study. Int. J. Educ. Appl. Res. 2(2), 165–172 (2012)
Difede, J., Cukor, J., Cukor, J., Jayasinghe, N., Jayasinghe, N., Patt, I., Jedel, S., Spielman, L., Giosan, C., Hoffman, H.G.: Virtual reality exposure therapy for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder following September 11, 2001. J. Clin. Psychiatry 68(11), 1639–1647 (2007)
Baños, R.M., Guillen, V., Quero, S., García-Palacios, A., Alcaniz, M., Botella, C.: A virtual reality system for the treatment of stress-related disorders: a preliminary analysis of efficacy compared to a standard cognitive behavioral program. Int. J. Hum Comput Stud. 69(9), 602–613 (2011)
Mahalil, I., Rusli, M. E., Yusof, A. M., Zaliman, M., Yusof, M., Razieff, A. R.: Virtual Reality-based Technique for Stress Therapy, pp. 295–300 (2014)
Nunez, P.L.: The brain wave equation: a model for the EEG. Math. Biosci. 21(3–4), 279–297 (1974)
Neurovigil, Inc—iBrain Device. http://neurovigil.com/index.php/technology/ibrain-device. Accessed 20-May 2015
Emotiv | EEG System | Electroencephalography. https://emotiv.com/. Accessed 20 May 2015
Biosensors and Algorithms | ECG | EEG | NeuroSky. http://neurosky.com/. Accessed 20 May 2015
EEG Analyzer. http://store.neurosky.com/products/eeg-analyzer. Accessed 12 May 2015
Burdea, G.C., Coiffet, P.: Virtual Reality Technology, Volume 1. Wiley, New York (2003)
Neurosky, NeuroSky’s eSense TM Meters and Detection of Mental State, pp. 1–5 (2009)
Casement, M.D., Swanson, L.M.: A meta-analysis of imagery rehearsal for post-trauma nightmares: effects on nightmare frequency, sleep quality, and posttraumatic stress. Clin. Psychol. Rev. 32(6), 566–574 (2012)
Rose, F. D.: Virtual reality in rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury. In: 1st European Conference on Disability, Virtual Reality Association and technology, pp. 5–12 (1996)
Parsons, T.D., Rizzo, A.A.: Affective outcomes of virtual reality exposure therapy for anxiety and specific phobias: a meta-analysis. J. Behav. Ther. Exp. Psychiatry 39(3), 250–261 (2008)
Bayliss, J.D., Ballard, D.H.: A virtual reality testbed for brain-computer interface research. IEEE Trans. Rehabil. Eng. 8(2), 188–190 (2000)
Bayliss, J.D.: Use of the evoked potential P3 component for control in a virtual apartment. IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng. 11(2), 113–116 (2003)
Murugappan, M., Rizon, M., Nagarajan, R., Yaacob, S., Zunaidi, I., Hazry, D.: EEG feature extraction for classifying emotions using FCM and FKM. Int. J. Comput. Commun. 1(2), 21–25 (2007)
Derogatis Tests .Com. http://www.derogatis-tests.com/dsp_synopsis.asp. Accessed 21 May 2015
Report F., Iyengar, D.: Improving Players ‘Control Over the Neurosky Brain-Computer Interface (2011)
ThinkGear Connector User Guide, (2010)
Al-Barrak, L., Kanjo, E.: NeuroPlace: making sense of a place. In: 4th Augmented Human International Conference Augmented, pp. 186–189 (2013)
Redza, A., Zainudin, R., Yusof, A. M., Rusli, M. E., Zaliman, M., Yusof, M., Mahalil, I.: Stress treatment: the effectiveness between guided and non-guided virtual reality setup, pp. 374–379 (2014)
Neurosky, MindWave User Guide (2011)
Mahalil, I., Rusli, M. E., Yusof, A. M., Zaliman, M., Yusoff, M., Razieff, A. R.: Study of Immersion Effectiveness in VR-based stress therapy, pp. 380–384 (2014)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Perhakaran, G., Yusof, A.M., Rusli, M.E., Yusoff, M.Z.M., Mahalil, I., Zainuddin, A.R.R. (2016). A Study of Meditation Effectiveness for Virtual Reality Based Stress Therapy Using EEG Measurement and Questionnaire Approaches. In: Chen, YW., Torro, C., Tanaka, S., Howlett, R., C. Jain, L. (eds) Innovation in Medicine and Healthcare 2015. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 45. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23024-5_33
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23024-5_33
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-23023-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-23024-5
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)