Medico-Legal Interventions in Management of Offenders with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD)

Abstract

Evidence is accumulating as to the effective psychotherapeutic and pharmacological interventions applied to those with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). Such interventions have not been studied in the criminal justice system. Yet results of studies among youth with FASD and those involved with the criminal justice system should be transferable to adults. Similarly, when dealing with an offender with FASD, changes in or modifications to the legal framework and approaches are suggested as potential additional interventions to be considered. Education of and increasing FASD knowledge among key officials in the criminal justice system are pivotal for understanding the disability and how to intervene in offenders with FASD. To improve outcomes therefore, offenders should be promptly identified and existing forensic mental health teams should be trained in both FASD assessment and intensive case management. Interventions with scientific evidence should inform the management of offenders as they pass through the different stages of the criminal justice system. Appropriate expectations, positive relational approach, and the provision of support, structure and supervision are critical especially when offenders are in the community. A collaborative team effort is needed to reduce the consequences of the disability of FASD and reduce victimization of both the offender and the members of the society.