Abstract
The modern industrial electrical signal generator is a complex electronic device composed of the oscillating system, the automatic stabilization and self-oscillation amplitude control system, the oscillation frequency control system, etc.
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- 1.
A voltage limiter, a thermistor, and an incandescent light bulb may be used as the nonlinear element.
- 2.
A p-p value of 20 V determines a swing of output sine wave voltage and represents a peak-to-peak value.
- 3.
All time-dependent processes in stable circuits damp out after stopping the external action, while current in all elements tend to zero.
- 4.
This is not the general case since chaotic non-periodic self-oscillations can be established in a deterministic oscillating system as well. This issue will be discussed in detail in Chap. 7.
- 5.
In the scientific and academic literature a feedback unit is often added to an oscillating system (in the figure it is called the CFB—feedback circuit). However, this unit does not introduce any crucially new function into an oscillating system. That is why it is not taken into account hereinafter.
- 6.
The author assigns different meanings to such concepts as an oscillating system and a self-oscillating system of an oscillator. In the first of them oscillations are only excited, while in the second one they become steady and periodic in time. They also have different structures: an oscillating system may not have nonlinear elements since there is not need to limit an oscillation amplitude, while a self-oscillating system must always have a nonlinear element.
- 7.
Not every instable closed-loop amplitude can generate periodic oscillations.
- 8.
Note that the equality of the voltages \( \dot{v}_{1} \) and \( \dot{v}^{\prime}_{1} \) depend on \( \dot{K}(\omega ) \) and on \( \dot{\gamma }(\omega ),\) while their waveform does not significantly depend on them.
- 9.
The name of this criterion is incorrect and has often caused confusion and misunderstanding since no stability is achieved when the equation (3.2) is fulfilled. On the contrary, a described system may be unstable and unsteady.
- 10.
The words “increment/decrement” mean buildup (rising) and damping, respectively.
- 11.
It is useful to note that the AE gain is by complementary to LFDC transfer ratio to one.
- 12.
The oscillation amplitude in this oscillating system rises as long as K decreases, rather than decreases, as in the preceding system.
- 13.
The correct application of the T-RC-circuit in the OS circuit will be discussed in Chap. 5.
- 14.
As shown in Chap. 4, oscillations are possible with a complementary amplifier.
- 15.
It is assumed in this example that the frequency dependence of the amplifier gain is determined by a single time constant.
References
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Rybin, Y.K. (2014). Selected Issues of the Theory of Sine Wave Generators. In: Measuring Signal Generators. Signals and Communication Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02833-0_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02833-0_3
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