Abstract
Water is a basic necessity for organisms living on the earth. Most organisms, including humans, consist mainly of water and live on a planet that is dominated by water. Yet, despite this global abundance of water and its renewable characteristics, as much as one-fifth of the world’s population lives under conditions of water scarcity. This scarcity is due primarily to the heterogeneous distribution of freshwater in space and time. The availability of water is an important factor in determining the distribution of human populations, but historical, social, political, and institutional factors may contribute to situations where large groups of people suffer from shortages of fresh water.
Keywords
- North China Plain
- Integrate Water Resource Management
- Water Security
- Shandong Peninsula
- Water Quality Issue
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsAbbreviations
- B.C.E:
-
Before the Common Era
- EPBs:
-
Environmental Protection Bureaus
- ERP:
-
Eastern Route Project
- MEP:
-
Ministry of Environmental Protection
- MRP:
-
Middle Route Project
- MWR:
-
Ministry of Water Resources
- WRBs:
-
Water Resource Bureaus
- WRP:
-
Western Route Project
References
Bakker K (2012) Water security research challenges and opportunities. Science 337(6097):914–915
Chen H-C, Du P (2008) Potential ecological benefits of the middle route for the south-north water diversion project. Tsinghua Sci Technol 13(5):715–719
China Daily (2010) Pollution still hinders water diversion in east China. http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2010-07/06/c_13385886.htm
Das DK (2006) Environmental impact of inter-basin water transfer projects: some evidence from Canada. Econ Polit Weekly 41(17):1703–1707
Feng J, Zhou Y, Hong Y, Zhao S, Ren X (2008) Reliability model of organization management chain of south-to north water diversion project during construction period. Water Sci Eng 1(4):107–113
Freeman C (2011) Quenching the dragon’s thirst: the south-north water transfer project—old plumbing for new China? Chin environment forum, Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars
Gleeson T, Wada Y, Bierkens MFP, van Beek LPH (2012) Water balance of global aquifers revealed by groundwater footprint. Nature 488(9):197–200
Hao F, Zhang X, Wang X, Ouyang W (2012) Assessing the relationship between landscape patterns and nonpoint-source pollution in the Danjiangkou reservoir basin in China. J Am Water Resour Assoc 48(6):1162–1177
Hao X (2007) Pollution slows China’s canal project. Science 317(5846):1846
Hering JG, Ingold KM (2012) Water resources management: what should be integrated. Science 336(6086):1234–1235
Larsen C (2009) On Chinese water project, a struggle over sound science. Yale Environment 360
Li J (2010) Water shortages loom as north China’s aquifers are sucked dry. Science 328(5985):1462–1463
Lieberthal K (1997) China’s governing system and its impact on environmental policy implementation. China environmental series. The Woodrow Wilson Center, Washington
Liu J, Yang W (2012) Water sustainability for China and beyond. Science 337(6095):649–650
Liu J, Dorjderem A, Fu J, Lei X, Liu H, Macer D, Qiao Q, Sun A, Tachiyama K, Yu L, Zheng Y (2011) Water ethics and water resource management. UNESCO Bangkok
Lu Z, Ma X, Sang W, Fan Y (2006) Ecological benefit assessment of the south-north water transfer project: an eastern route. Int J Sustain Dev World Ecol 13(3):221–227
People’s Daily (2012) Water quality standard reached in 89% of water body because of pollution control over nine years
Vörösmarty CJ, McIntyre PB, Gessner MO, Dudgeon D, Prusevich A, Green P, Glidden S, Bunn SE, Sullivan CA, Liermann CR, Davies PM (2010) Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity. Nature 467:555–561
Wang C, Wang Y-Y, Wang P-F (2006) Water quality modeling and pollution control for the eastern route of south to north water transfer project in China. J Hydrodyn Ser. B 18(3):253–261
Wang K (2011) Drying up the Han. China Dialog 1 Feb
Wang L, Ma C (1999) A study on the environmental geology of the middle route project of the south-north water transfer. Eng Geol 51(3):153–165
Wang Z, Wang Z, de Vriend HJ (2008) Impact of water diversion on the morphological development of the lower Yellow River. Int J Sedim Res 23(1):13–27
Wei D (2005) Beijing water resources and the south to north water diversion project. Can J Civ Eng 32(1):159–163
Zhang Q (2009) The south-to-north water transfer project of China: environmental implications and monitoring strategy. J Am Water Resour Assoc 45(5):1238–1247
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Michael Stiefvater, GIS/Mapping Specialist at the University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, for contributing his skills in constructing Fig. 10.2. The map in Fig. 10.2 was created as part of the World Hydro Reference Overlay map service by HydroTeamRC, a unit of Environmental Systems Research, Inc. It was compiled from multiple public data sources and published by ESRI at http://184.72.212.114:6080/arcgis/rest/services/WorldHydroReferenceOverlay/MapServer.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Chen, H., Wenger, R.B. (2014). Water Diversion Projects in China. In: Clark, R., Hakim, S. (eds) Securing Water and Wastewater Systems. Protecting Critical Infrastructure, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01092-2_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01092-2_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-01091-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-01092-2
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)