Abstract
The gene therapy, considered as the treatment of genetically-caused diseases by transferring exogenous nucleic acids into specific cells of patients, has attracted great interests over the past few decades [1]. It has been gradually realized that the development of safe, efficient and controllable gene-delivery vectors has become a bottleneck in clinical applications. The gene transfection vectors can be generally divided as viral and non-viral ones.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Pack, D. W., Hoffman, A. S., Pun, S., & Stayton, P. S. (2005). Design and development of polymers for gene delivery. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 4, 581–593.
Li, S. D., & Huang, L. (2007). Non-viral is superior to viral gene delivery. Journal of Controlled Release, 123, 181–183.
Mintzer, M. A., & Simanek, E. E. (2009). Nonviral vectors for gene delivery. Chemical Reviews, 109, 259–302.
Boussif, O., Lezoualch, F., Zanta, M. A., Mergny, M. D., Scherman, D., Demeneix, B., et al. (1995). A versatile vector for gene and oligonucleotide transfer into cells in culture and in vivo-polyethylenimine. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 92, 7297–7301.
Lungwitz, U., Breunig, M., Blunk, T., & Gopferich, A. (2005). Polyethylenimine-based non-viral gene delivery systems. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 60, 247–266.
Neu, M., Fischer, D., & Kissel, T. (2005). Recent advances in rational gene transfer vector design based on poly(ethylene imine) and its derivatives. Journal of Gene Medicine, 7, 992–1009.
Breunig, M., Lungwitz, U., Liebl, R., & Goepferich, A. (2007). Breaking up the correlation between efficacy and toxicity for nonviral gene delivery. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 104, 14454–14459.
Deng, R., Yue, Y., Jin, F., Chen, Y. C., Kung, H. F., Lin, M. C. M., et al. (2009). Revisit the complexation of PEI and DNA—how to make low cytotoxic and highly efficient PEI gene transfection non-viral vectors with a controllable chain length and structure? Journal of Controlled Release, 140, 40–46.
Ogris, M., Brunner, S., Schuller, S., Kircheis, R., & Wagner, E. (1999). PEGylated DNA/transferrin–PEI complexes: reduced interaction with blood components, extended circulation in blood and potential for systemic gene delivery. Gene Therapy, 6, 595–605.
Cheng, H., Zhu, J. L., Zeng, X., Jing, Y., Zhang, X. Z., & Zhuo, R. X. (2009). Targeted gene delivery mediated by folate-polyethylenimine-block-poly(ethylene glycol) with receptor selectivity. Bioconjugate Chemistry, 20, 481–487.
Zanta, M. A., Boussif, O., Adib, A., & Behr, J. P. (1997). In vitro gene delivery to hepatocytes with galactosylated polyethylenimine. Bioconjugate Chemistry, 8, 839–844.
Diebold, S. S., Kursa, P., Wagner, E., Cotten, M., & Zenke, M. (1999). Mannose polyethylenimine conjugates for targeted DNA delivery into dendritic cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 274, 19087–19094.
Pollard, H., Remy, J. S., Loussouarn, G., Demolombe, S., Behr, J. P., & Escande, D. (1998). Polyethylenimine but not cationic lipids promotes transgene delivery to the nucleus in mammalian cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273, 7507–7511.
Godbey, W. T., Wu, K. K., & Mikos, A. G. (1999). Tracking the intracellular path of poly(ethylenimine)/DNA complexes for gene delivery. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences USA, 96, 5177–5181.
Bieber, T., Meissner, W., Kostin, S., Niemann, A., & Elsasser, H. P. (2002). Intracellular route and transcriptional competence of polyethylenimine–DNA complexes. Journal of Controlled Release, 82, 441–454.
Thomas, M., & Klibanov, A. M. (2002). Enhancing polyethylenimine's delivery of plasmid DNA into mammalian cells. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences USA, 99, 14640–14645.
Sonawane, N. D., Szoka, F. C., & Verkman, A. S. (2003). Chloride accumulation and swelling in endosomes enhances DNA transfer by polyamine–DNA polyplexes. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 278, 44826–44831.
Suh, J., Wirtz, D., & Hanes, J. (2003). Efficient active transport of gene nanocarriers to the cell nucleus. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences USA, 100, 3878–3882.
Akinc, A., Thomas, M., Klibanov, A. M., & Langer, R. (2005). Exploring polyethylenimine mediated DNA transfection and the proton sponge hypothesis. Journal of Gene Medicine, 7, 657–663.
Kulkarni, R. P., Wu, D. D., Davis, M. E., & Fraser, S. E. (2005). Quantitating intracellular transport of polyplexes by spatio-temporal image correlation spectroscopy. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences USA, 102, 7523–7528.
de Bruin, K. G., Fella, C., Ogris, M., Wagner, E., Ruthardt, N., & Brauchle, C. (2008). Dynamics of photoinduced endosomal release of polyplexes. Journal of Controlled Release, 130, 175–182.
Gabrielson, N. P., & Pack, D. W. (2009). Efficient polyethylenimine-mediated gene delivery proceeds via a caveolar pathway in HeLa cells. Journal of Controlled Release, 136, 54–61.
Won, Y.-Y., Sharma, R., & Konieczny, S. F. (2009). Missing pieces in understanding the intracellular trafficking of polycation/DNA complexes. Journal of Controlled Release, 139, 88–93.
Lee, H., Kim, I. K., & Park, T. G. (2010). Intracellular trafficking and unpacking of siRNA/quantum Dot–PEI complexes modified with and without cell penetrating peptide:confocal and flow cytometric FRET analysis. Bioconjugate Chemistry, 21, 289–295.
Wagner, E., Cotten, M., Foisner, R., & Birnstiel, M. L. (1991). Transferrin polycation DNA complexes—the effect of polycations on the structure of the complex and DNA delivery to cells. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences USA, 88, 4255–4259.
Godbey, W. T., Wu, K. K., & Mikos, A. G. (1999). Size matters: molecular weight affects the efficiency of poly(ethylenimine) as a gene delivery vehicle. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 45, 268–275.
Kunath, K., von Harpe, A., Fischer, D., Peterson, H., Bickel, U., Voigt, K., et al. (2003). Lowmolecular-weight polyethylenimine as a non-viral vector for DNA delivery:comparison of physicochemical properties, transfection efficiency and in vivo distribution with high-molecular-weight polyethylenimine. Journal of Controlled Release, 89, 113–125.
Honore, I., Grosse, S., Frison, N., Favatier, F., Monsigny, M., & Fajac, I. (2005). Transcription of plasmid DNA: influence of plasmid DNA/polyethylenimine complex formation. Journal of Controlled Release, 107, 537–546.
Behr, J. P. (1997). The proton sponge: a trick to enter cells the viruses did not exploit. Chimia, 51, 34–36.
Forrest, M. L., Meister, G. E., Koerber, J. T., & Pack, D. W. (2004). Partial acetylation of polyethylenimine enhances in vitro gene delivery. Pharmaceutical Research, 21, 365–371.
Yue, Y., Jin, F., Deng, R., Cai, J., Chen, Y., Lin, M. C. M., et al. (2011). Revisit complexation between DNA and polyethylenimine—effect of uncomplexed chains free in the solution mixture on gene transfection. Journal of Controlled Release, 155, 67–76.
Clamme, J. P., Azoulay, J., & Mely, Y. (2003). Monitoring of the formation and dissociation of polyethylenimine/DNA complexes by two photon fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Biophysical Journal, 84, 1960–1968.
Clamme, J. P., Krishnamoorthy, G., & Mely, Y. (2003). Intracellular dynamics of the gene delivery vehicle polyethylenimine during transfection: investigation by two photon fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Biomembranes, 1617, 52–61.
Boeckle, S., von Gersdorff, K., van der Piepen, S., Culmsee, C., Wagner, E., & Ogris, M. (2004). Purification of polyethylenimine polyplexes highlights the role of free polycations in gene transfer. Journal of Gene Medicine, 6, 1102–1111.
Fahrmeir, J., Gunther, M., Tietze, N., Wagner, E., & Ogris, M. (2007). Electrophoretic purification of tumor-targeted polyethylenimine-based polyplexes reduces toxic side effects in vivo. Journal of Controlled Release, 122, 236–245.
Saul, J. M., Wang, C. H. K., Ng, C. P., & Pun, S. H. (2008). Multilayer nanocomplexes of polymer and DNA exhibit enhanced gene delivery. Advanced Materials, 20, 19–25.
Chu, B. (1991). Laser light scattering (2nd ed.). New York: Academic Press.
Wu, C., & Xia, K. Q. (1994). Review of Scientific Instruments, 65, 587–590.
Berne, B., & Pecora, R. (1976). Dynamic light scattering. New York: Plenum Press.
Hunter, R. J. (2000). Foundations of colloid science (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford Press.
Forrest, M. L., & Pack, D. W. (2002). On the kinetics of polyplex endocytic trafficking:implications for gene delivery vector design. Molecular Therapy, 6, 57–66.
Breunig, M., Lungwitz, U., Liebl, R., Fontanari, C., Klar, J., Kurtz, A., et al. (2005). Gene delivery with low molecular weight linear polyethytenimines. Journal of Gene Medicine, 7, 1287–1298.
Akinc, A. (2002). Measuring the pH environment of DNA delivered using nonviral vectors: implications for lysosomal trafficking. Biotechnology Bioengineering, 78, 503–508.
Peng, S. F., & Wu, C. (1999). Light scattering study of the formation and structure of partially hydrolyzed poly(acrylamide)/calcium(II) complexes. Macromolecules, 32, 585–589.
Zhang, G. Z., & Wu, C. (2006). Folding and formation of mesoglobules in dilute copolymer solutions. Advances in Polymer Science, 195, 101–176.
Rejman, J., Bragonzi, A., & Conese, M. (2005). A two-stage poly(ethylenimine)-mediated cytotoxicity: implications for gene transfer/therapy. Molecular Therapy, 12, 468–474.
Itaka, K., Harada, A., Yamasaki, Y., Nakamura, K., Kawaguchi, H., & Kataoka, K. (2004). In situ single cell observation by fluorescence resonance energy transfer reveals fastintra-cytoplasmic delivery and easy release of plasmid DNA complexed with linear polyethylenimine. Journal Gene Medicine, 6, 76–84.
Bertschinger, M., Backliwal, G., Schertenleib, A., Jordan, M., Hacker, D. L., & Wurm, F. M. (2006). Disassembly of polyethylenimine–DNA particles in vitro: implications for polyethylenimine-mediated DNA delivery. Journal of Controlled Release, 116, 96–104.
Bowman, E. J., Siebers, A., & Altendorf, K. (1988). Bafilomycins—a class of inhibitors of membrane Atpases from microorganisms, animal-cells, and plant-cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 85, 7972–7976.
Crider, B. P., Xie, X. S., & Stone, D. K. (1994). Bafilomycin inhibits proton flow-through the H+ channel of vacuolar proton pumps. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 269, 17379–17381.
Pichon, C., Roufai, M. B., Monsigny, M., & Midoux, P. (2000). Histidylated oligolysines increase the transmembrane passage and the biological activity of antisense oligonucleotides. Nucleic Acids Research, 28, 504–512.
Wang, D. A., Narang, A. S., Kotb, M., Gaber, A. O., Miller, D. D., Kim, S. W., et al. (2002). Novel branched poly(ethylenimine)-cholesterol water-soluble lipopolymers for gene delivery. Biomacromolecules, 3, 1197–1207.
Neamnark, A., Suwantong, O., Bahadur, K. C. R., Hsu, C. Y. M., Supaphol, P., & Uludag, H. (2009). Aliphatic lipid substitution on 2 kDa polyethylenimine improves plasmid delivery and transgene expression. Molecular Pharmaceutics, 6, 1798–1815.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Yanan, Y. (2013). Revisiting Complexation Between DNA and Polyethylenimine: The Effect of Length of Free Polycationic Chains on Gene Transfection. In: How Free Cationic Polymer Chains Promote Gene Transfection. Springer Theses. Springer, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00336-8_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00336-8_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-00335-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-00336-8
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)