Abstract
Concerning outer space, how are the EU’s competences affected by the Treaty of Lisbon, which, after the European Council meeting of 10–11 December 2008, looks finally set to enter into force by the end of 2009? To answer this question, this contribution first looks into the current constitutional bases for the EU’s involvement in space, in accordance with the historical evolution thereof (1.2). Following such analysis, the antecedents and context of the Lisbon Treaty will be discussed briefly (1.3) and finally, an analysis will be made of the latter’s provisions touching on space (1.4).
Keywords
- Global Navigation Satellite System
- Global Navigation Satellite System
- European Space Agency
- Space Policy
- Maastricht Treaty
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References
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Ibid., 3rd recital.
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On the complexity and diversity of the decision-making procedures in the R&D Title after the Maastricht Treaty, see Devroe and Wouters, Jan. De Europese Unie. Het Verdrag van Maastricht en zijn uitvoering: analyse en perspectieven. Leuven: Peeters, 1996: 557–560.
Wouters, Jan. De Europese Unie. Het Verdrag van Maastricht en zijn uitvoering: analyse en perspectieven. Leuven: Peeters, 1996: 557–560 Ibid, Art. 172.
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Mastroianni rightly observes that the applicability of the principle of primacy of EU law remains intact here. Mstronianni, Roberto“Article I-14.” Traité établissant une Constitution pour l’Europe. Parties I et IV Architecture constitutionelle: commentaire article par article. Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen, Anne Levade, Fabrice Picod, eds. Brussels: Bruylant, 2008: 233–234.
And this even prior to the exclusion of harmonisation under the Lisbon Treaty. Becker, Peter “Die vertikale Kompetenzenordnung im Verfassungsvertrag.” Der Vertrag über eine Verfassung für Europa. Eds. Mathias Jopp and Sakia Matl. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2005:187, at 198–199; Hobe, Stephan and Reuter, Thomas. “The EU Constitutional Treaty and Space: Towards EU Jurisdiction on Board a Space Station?.” The International Space Station. Commercial Utilisation from a European Legal Perspective. Frans G. von der Dunk, Marcel Brus, eds. Leiden: Nijhoff, 2006: 125, at 132.
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This has been rightly observed by Stender-Vorwachs, Jutta. “Artikel III-254.” Eds. Christoff Vedder and Wolff Heintschel von Heinegg. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2007: 660.
See Council of the European Union. Council decision on the conclusion of the Framework Agreement between the European Community and the European Space Agency. 2004/578/EC. 29 Apr. 2004 (OJ [2004], L261/63).
See inter alia Hobe, Stephan. “Prospects for a European space administration”, Space Policy 20.1 (2004): 25–29; von der Dunk, “Towards one captain on the European spaceship — why the EU should join ESA”. Space Policy 12.2 (2003): 83–86.
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Wouters, J. (2009). Space in the Treaty of Lisbon. In: Schrogl, KU., Mathieu, C., Peter, N. (eds) Yearbook on Space Policy 2007/2008. Yearbook on Space Policy. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-99091-9_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-99091-9_3
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