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Glucides

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Traité de nutrition artificielle de l’adulte

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Abstrait

Le glucose représente ľune des principales sources ďénergie pour la cellule, en particulier pour les neurones cérébraux (1). Le glucose est stocké sous forme de glycogène, dans le foie et le muscle, lorsqu’il est apporté en excès des besoins en période postprandiale. Le glycogène est la forme de stockage ďénergie la plus rapidement mobilisable lors du jeûne, de ľexercice et de ľagression aiguë. Ľhoméostasie glucidique est soumise à une régulation très fine qui permet le maintien de la glycémie dans des limites relativement étroites malgré des apports habituellement fractionnés rythmés par les repas, et les variations parfois importantes de ľétat métabolique. Cette régulation permet ďéviter les conséquences délétères de ľhyperglycémie chronique (glycosylation) ou de ľhypoglycémie (neuroglycopénie). Dans ce chapitre, nous traiterons essentiellement les aspects physiologiques concernant le métabolisme du glucose. Les bases biochimiques de certaines voies métaboliques pourront être consultées dans des traités de biochimie et/ou des revees générales spécifiques. Le métabolisme des glucides complexes ne sera pas abordé.

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Delarue, J. (2007). Glucides. In: Traité de nutrition artificielle de l’adulte. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-33475-7_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-33475-7_4

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