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Advances in Vascular Medicine pp 153–174Cite as

Tissue-Engineered Vascular Substitutes: New Models Toward Successful Small Diameter Grafts

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Abstract

Vascular replacement surgery with synthetic large diameter grafts has now been a successful clinical reality for decades. However, attempts to use similar materials and approaches for small diameter grafts such as those needed for coronary and infrapopliteal bypass surgeries have, so far, yielded very unsatisfactory clinical outcomes. This challenge has led to many years of research in small diameter vascular substitutes (VS), focusing at first on endothelialization of grafts made of synthetic materials such as expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (ePTFE) and Dacron® and later on tissue-engineered vascular substitutes (TEVS) involving the use of living human cells and increasingly complex combinations of biomaterials, dynamic culture conditions, and other emerging technologies. While the ultimate clinical goal of a successful small diameter vascular graft is still eluding us, TEVS are getting closer to mimic the physiology of native human blood vessels and are emerging as new models for normal and pathological vascular research.

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Abbreviations

EC:

Endothelial cells

EPC:

Endothelial progenitor cells

eNOS:

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase

ePTFE:

Expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene)

HIF-1α:

Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha

htPA:

Human tissue-type plasminogen activator

NO:

Nitric oxide

PU:

Polyurethane

PVR:

Peripheral vascular resistance

SMC:

Smooth muscle cells

TEVS:

Tissue-engineered vascular substitutes

VS:

Vascular substitutes

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Caroline Basoni and Dr. Valérie Cattan for their help with the literature review, and Miss Marie-Christine Fiola for Fig. 9.2.

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  1. Department of Pharmacology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada

    Pedro D’Orléans-Juste, Dan Lacroix, Lucie Germain & François A. Auger

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  3. Lucie Germain
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Correspondence to Pedro D’Orléans-Juste .

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  1. University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom

    David Abraham

  2. The Royal Free & Univ College Med School, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom

    Handler Clive

  3. University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom

    Michael Dashwood

  4. The Royal Free & Univ College Med School, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom

    Gerry Coghlan

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D’Orléans-Juste, P., Lacroix, D., Germain, L., Auger, F.A. (2009). Tissue-Engineered Vascular Substitutes: New Models Toward Successful Small Diameter Grafts. In: Abraham, D., Clive, H., Dashwood, M., Coghlan, G. (eds) Advances in Vascular Medicine. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-637-3_9

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