This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Cataldo P, Ellis N, Gregorcyk S et al. Practice parameters for the management of hemorrhoids. Dis Colon Rectum 2005;48:189–94.
Smith LE. Hemorrhoids. In: Fazio VW, Church JM, Delaney CP, eds. Current therapy in colon and rectal surgery. Elsevier Mosby, 2004:11–22.
MacRae HM, McLeod RS. Comparison of hemorrhoidal treatment modalities: a meta-analysis. Dis Colon Rectum 1995;38:687–94.
Nivatvongs S. Hemorrhoids. In: Gordon PH, Novatvongs S, eds. Principles and practice of surgery for the colon, rectum and anus. Quality Medical Publishing Inc. 1999:193–215.
Hosking SW, Johnson AG, Smart HL et al. Anorectal varices, hemorrhoids, and portal hypertension. Lancet 1989;1:349–52.
Wolkomir AF, Lutchtefeld M. Surgery for symptomatic hemorrhoids and anal fissures in Crohn’s disease. Dis Colon Rectum 1993;36:545–47.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer-Verlag London Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Azimuddin, K. (2009). Indications for Intervention. In: Khubchandani, I., Paonessa, N., Azimuddin, K. (eds) Surgical Treatment of Hemorrhoids. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-314-9_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-314-9_5
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-84800-313-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-84800-314-9
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)