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Essential Urology pp 27–42Cite as

Screening and Early Detection for Genitourinary Cancer

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Part of the book series: Current Clinical Urology ((CCU))

Abstract

Health screening regimens are a form of secondary prevention of a disease or its serious or fatal sequelae. Cancer screening is intended to diagnose malignant or premalignant conditions while still curable and usually before the development of signs or symptoms. However, all cancer screening tests, including those for genitourinary (GU) cancers, must meet certain ethical and economic criteria, and most certainly must possess a meaningful positive predictive value. Based on such criteria, the US Preventive Task Force does not currently endorse prostate specific antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer screening, nor does it endorse screening for bladder cancer. To date there has never been a widely recognized screening protocol for Kidney or Testicular Cancers. Nevertheless, primary care physicians need to be aware of current debate regarding GU cancer screening, particularly prostate cancer screening. This chapter will summarize the pros and cons of prostate cancer screening and outline the diagnostic tests for other GU malignancies, which should be considered among high-risk patients. Predisposing factors and risks will be included in the bladder and kidney cancer screening sections and more briefly in the testicular cancer section. The content of this chapter will enhance the practice of shared decision making in the primary care setting.

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Special Acknowledgements

I wish to thank my friend and esteemed colleague, Dr. Ian Thompson, for his valuable contribution to the first edition of this textbook and for his ongoing support and guidance.

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  1. Men’s Health Consultant, 900 Welch Road, Suite 202, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA

    Jeannette M. Potts

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Correspondence to Jeannette M. Potts .

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    Jeannette M. Potts

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Potts, J.M. (2012). Screening and Early Detection for Genitourinary Cancer. In: Potts, J. (eds) Essential Urology. Current Clinical Urology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-092-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-092-2_3

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