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The Role of Iron in Retinal Diseases

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Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders

Abstract

Iron is a potent free radical generator in a number of tissues including the retina. Iron levels build up in the macula with age, exacerbating age-related oxidative damage. Several retinal diseases are associated with elevated systemic and local iron levels, and intraocular iron foreign bodies can lead to retinal degeneration. Retinal degenerations have also been observed in hereditary diseases of iron homeostasis, such as aceruloplasminemia, Friedreich’s ataxia, and pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration resulting in iron overload. Similarly, mice with targeted mutations resulting in age-dependent retinal iron overload have features resembling age-related macular degeneration. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated iron in the retinal pigment epithelium and retina is chelatable, protecting against cell damage or death. This has potential clinical applications in the treatment and prevention of age-related macular degeneration.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA

    Sonia Mehta

  2. F. M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, 422 Curie Blvd Rm 305-Stellar Chance, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Joshua L. Dunaief

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  1. Sonia Mehta
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Correspondence to Joshua L. Dunaief .

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  1. W. Southwinds Blvd. 1250, Vero Beach, 32963, Florida, USA

    Robert D. Stratton

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, SW Archer Road 1600, Gainesville, 32610, Florida, USA

    William W. Hauswirth

  3. Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Wall Street 1000, Ann Arbor, 17033-2390, Michigan, USA

    Thomas W. Gardner

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Mehta, S., Dunaief, J.L. (2012). The Role of Iron in Retinal Diseases. In: Stratton, R., Hauswirth, W., Gardner, T. (eds) Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-606-7_12

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