Abstract
Multipotent cells termed unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSC) were recently described with the potential to differentiate into mesodermal cells, cardiomyocytes under specialized circumstances, ectodermal neural cells, and endodermal hepatic cells. More recently, it has become clear that USSCs are heterogeneous with regard to their differentiation potential, and distinct functional differences in differentiation potential suggests USSCs are at different developmental stages. Expression of particular genes and differentiation toward the adipogenic lineage can discriminate USSCs from other related cell types such as CB-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Current work regarding the characterization and differentiation of USSC and their distinct differentiation potential in comparison to other cell populations may enable us to distinguish several distinct multipotent progenitor cell populations.
Keywords
- Cord Blood
- Mesenchymal Stromal Cell
- Adipogenic Differentiation
- Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell
- Endodermal Differentiation
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Aktas M, Buchheiser A, Houben A et al (2010) Good manufacturing practice-grade production of unrestricted somatic stem cell from fresh cord blood. Cytotherapy 12(3):338–348
Chan SL, Choi M, Wnendt S et al (2007) Enhanced in vivo homing of uncultured and selectively amplified cord blood CD34+ cells by cotransplantation with cord blood-derived unrestricted somatic stem cells. Stem Cells 25(2):529–536
Chang HY, Chi JT, Dudoit S et al (2002) Diversity, topographic differentiation, and positional memory in human fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99(20):12877–12882
Erices A, Conget P, Minguell JJ (2000) Mesenchymal progenitor cells in human umbilical cord blood. Br J Haematol 109:235–242
Ghodsizad A, Niehaus M, Kogler G et al (2009) Transplanted human cord blood-derived unrestricted somatic stem cells improve left-ventricular function and prevent left-ventricular dilation and scar formation after acute myocardial infarction. Heart 95:27–35
Jeltsch KS, Radke TF, Laufs S et al (2010) Unrestricted somatic stem cells: interaction with CD34(+) cells in vitro and in vivo, expression of homing genes and exclusion of tumorigenic potential. Cytotherapy 13(3):357–365
Jansen BJ, Gilissen C, Roelofs H et al (2010) Functional differences between mesenchymal stem cell populations are reflected by their transcriptome. Stem Cells Dev 19(4):481–490
Kessel M, Gruss P (1991) Homeotic transformations of murine vertebrae and concomitant alteration of Hox codes induced by retinoic acid. Cell 67:89–104
Kluth SM, Buchheiser A, Houben AP et al (2010) DLK-1 as a marker to distinguish unrestricted somatic stem cells and mesenchymal stromal cells in cord blood. Stem Cells Dev 19(10):1471–1483
Kmita M, Duboule D (2003) Organizing axes in time and space; 25 years of colinear tinkering. Science 301:331–333
Kogler G, Sensken S, Airey JA et al (2004) A new human somatic stem cell from placental cord blood with intrinsic pluripotent differentiation potential. J Exp Med 200(2):123–135
Kogler G, Radke TF, Lefort A et al (2005) Cytokine production and hematopoiesis supporting activity of cord blood-derived unrestricted somatic stem cells. Exp Hematol 33(5):573–583
Kogler G, Critser P, Trapp T, Yoder M (2009) Future of cord blood for non-oncology uses. Bone Marrow Transplant 44(10):683–697
Lee KD, Kuo TK, Whang-Peng J et al (2004) In vitro hepatic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Hepatology 40(6):1275–1284
Li L, Forman SJ, Bhatia R (2005) Expression of DLK1 in hematopoietic cells results in inhibition of differentiation and proliferation. Oncogene 24:4472–4476
Liedtke S, Buchheiser A, Bosch J et al (2010) The HOX Code as a “biological fingerprint” to distinguish functionally distinct stem cell populations derived from cord blood. Stem Cell Res 5(1):40–50
Moon YS, Smas CM, Lee K et al (2002) Mice lacking paternally expressed Pref-1/Dlk1 display growth retardation and accelerated adiposity. Mol Cell Biol 22(15):5585–5592
Morgan R (2006) Hox genes: a continuation of embryonic patterning? Trends Genet 22:67–69
Nueda ML, Garcia-Ramirez JJ, Laborda J, Baladrón V (2008) dlk1 specifically interacts with insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 to modulate adipogenesis of 3 T3-L1 cells. J Mol Biol 379(3):428–442
Rinn JL, Wang JK, Allen N et al (2008) A dermal HOX transcriptional program regulates site-specific epidermal fate. Genes Dev 22(3):303–307
Ruiz-Hidalgo MJ, Gubina E, Tull L, Baladrón V, Laborda J (2002) dlk modulates mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling to allow or prevent differentiation. Exp Cell Res 274(2):178–188
Sensken S, Waclawczyk S, Knaupp AS et al (2007) In vitro differentiation of human cord blood-derived unrestricted somatic stem cells towards an endodermal pathway. Cytotherapy 9(4):362–378
Sul HS (2009) Minireview: Pref-1: role in adipogenesis and mesenchymal cell fate. Mol Endocrinol 23(11):1717–1725
van den Berk LC, Jansen BJ, Siebers-Vermeulen KG et al (2009) Toll-like receptor triggering in cord blood mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Mol Med 13(9B):3415–3426
Waclawczyk S, Buchheiser A, Flogel U, Radke TF, Kögler G (2010) In vitro differentiation of unrestricted somatic stem cells into functional hepatic-like cells displaying a hepatocyte-like glucose metabolism. J Cell Physiol 225(2):545–554
Wernet P, Trapp T, Zweigerdt R, Mann J, Trompeter HI (2010) Lentiviral labeling reveals three germ layer differentiation potential of a single unrestricted somatic stem cell from human cord blood. Exp Hematol 38(11):1099–1104
Yevtodiyenko A, Schmidt JV (2006) Dlk1 expression marks developing endothelium and sites of branching morphogenesis in the mouse embryo and placenta. Dev Dyn 235(4):1115–1123
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank all the co-authors of our jointly published papers that were cited here and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) for funding the research projects KO-2119/6-1. Thanks to Stefanie Liedtke, Ph.D., Anja Buchheiser, Ph.D., Maria Kluth, and Simon Waclawczyk for their excellent technical support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kögler, G. (2012). Defining Hierarchies of Unrestricted Somatic Stem Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cord Blood. In: Allan, D., Strunk, D. (eds) Regenerative Therapy Using Blood-Derived Stem Cells. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-471-1_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-471-1_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-1-61779-470-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-61779-471-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)