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Adult Stem Cells pp 225–248Cite as

The Cancer Stem Cell Paradigm

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Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

Abstract

Following the discovery that leukemic cells exhibit properties of hematopoietic stem cells, the prospective isolation of stem-like cells with high tumorigenicity has been reported for a variety of tumors. These “cancer stem cells” (CSCs) are so named because they exhibit the capacity for sustained self-renewal and possess the ability to regenerate transplanted tumor masses resembling the primary tumor in immunodeficient mice. However, the existence of CSCs remains contentious in the field of cancer biology, in part because of the application of inconsistent and inaccurate definitions and disputes over terminology. Herein, we review the discovery of CSCs, examine in detail their physical and functional characteristics, the mechanisms that lead to their formation, and how their contribution to solid tumor formation impacts cancer therapies.

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Abbreviations

AML:

Acute myeloid leukemia

APML:

Acute promyelocytic leukemia

CML:

Chronic myeloid leukemia

CSC:

Cancer stem cell

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

FACS:

Fluorescence-activated cell sorting

HIF:

Hypoxia-inducible factor

HSC:

Hematopoietic stem cell

LSC:

Leukemic stem cell

RGC:

Radial glial cells

SSEA-1:

Stage-specific embryonic antigen 1

SVZ:

Subventricular zone

TNFAIP3:

Tumor necrosis factor inducible protein 3

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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  1. Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, NE3-30 Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA

    Jeremy N. Rich

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  1. Christine E. Eyler
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  2. John M. Heddleston
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  3. Masahiro Hitomi
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  4. Olga A. Guryanova
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  5. Jennifer M. Macswords
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  6. William A. Flavahan
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  7. Anita B. Hjelmeland
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  8. Jeremy N. Rich
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Correspondence to Jeremy N. Rich .

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  1. , Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, 33458, Florida, USA

    Donald G. Phinney

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© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

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Eyler, C.E. et al. (2011). The Cancer Stem Cell Paradigm. In: Phinney, D. (eds) Adult Stem Cells. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-002-7_10

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