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Stem Cells and Cell–Matrix Interactions in Lung

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Stem Cells in the Respiratory System

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

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Abstract

Stem cells have become the focus of many investigations owing to emerging data implicating their role in normal physiological processes and as potential targets for the development of therapeutic interventions. The factors that control the functions of stem cells related to migration, homing, and differentiation, among others, remain incompletely elucidated, but it is evident that, like other cells, stem cells express receptors that recognize signals from their immediate microenvironment. One such set of signals comes from the stroma, which contains several types of extracellular matrix components (e.g., fibronectin, collagens, proteoglycans). Stem cells express functional matrix-binding receptors of the integrin family and, therefore, the relative composition of the extracellular matrix is likely to be an important determinant of stem cell behavior. This is critical since the relative tissue composition of the extracellular matrix changes depending on developmental stage. Furthermore, inflammation during injury results in extracellular matrix remodeling and so does cancer formation. Thus, the alterations in matrix expression and turnover that occur during the lifetime of an animal are likely to contribute to the various signals that influence stem cell function. Although there are studies that support this idea, this field is not mature and, consequently, the exact role of cell–stroma interactions in stem cell biology remains undefined. This chapter summarizes the limited data available in this area with the hope of stimulating much needed research designed to elucidate how cell–stroma interactions affect stem cell functions in normal and disease states, and how these events can be manipulated pharmacologically to improve clinical outcomes.

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Sueblinvong, V., Roman, J. (2010). Stem Cells and Cell–Matrix Interactions in Lung. In: Rojas, M. (eds) Stem Cells in the Respiratory System. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-775-4_5

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