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Stem Cells in the Respiratory System pp 25–42Cite as

Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Lung Repair and Regeneration

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Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are cells of stromal origin that have now been isolated from a wide variety of adult tissues as well as from tissues involved in fetal growth and development, including umbilical cord blood, Wharton’s jelly, amniotic fluid, and placenta. Originally characterized as supporting bone marrow stromal cells, MSCs are now recognized to have a broad range of activities, including the ability to differentiate into a wide variety of adult cell types as well as to have potent immunomodulatory properties. As such, they are increasingly being investigated for use in lung diseases. Initial focus was on structural engraftment and repair of diseased or injured lung. More recent areas of research include use of MSCs for ex vivo three-dimensional lung tissue engineering and for use in immunomodulation of inflammatory and immune-mediated lung diseases. MSCs may also serve as cellular delivery vehicles for lung and other cancers. However, the MSC field is complicated by lack of consistent approaches in both cell isolation and culture as well as in nomenclature. Further, it is unclear whether MSCs obtained from different tissue sources have comparable properties. The long-term tumorigenic potential of MSC administration in humans also remains unclear. Nonetheless, a current clinical trial investigating the safety and potential efficacy of systemic administration of MSCs in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease demonstrates the potential for therapeutic use of MSCs for a range of lung diseases.

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  1. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA

    Daniel J. Weiss

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  1. Dept. Medicine, Div. Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical, Emory University, Michael St. 615, Atlanta, 30322, USA

    Mauricio Rojas

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Weiss, D.J. (2010). Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Lung Repair and Regeneration. In: Rojas, M. (eds) Stem Cells in the Respiratory System. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-775-4_2

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