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Gastroparesis pp 37–46Cite as

Gastric Dysmotility at the Organ Level in Gastroparesis

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Part of the book series: Clinical Gastroenterology ((CG))

Abstract

Gastric motor functions are regulated by a complex series of events that are controlled by the intrinsic and extrinsic nervous system, smooth muscle cells, the interstitial cells of Cajal, excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, and hormones. The stomach has specific functional regions, the fundus, which serves as the reservoir, and the antrum. The latter triturates and mixes an ingested meal to maximize the digestion of nutrients. Organ level abnormalities of gastric function have been described, specifically, impairment in gastric accommodation, antral hypomotility, pylorospasm, and gastric dysrhythmias. Diseases, such as diabetes mellitus with autonomic neuropathy, hyperglycemia, systemic sclerosis or amyloidosis among others, impact the mechanisms underlying the gastric motor functions leading to dysmotility at one or more levels. These abnormalities present clinically with symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, upper abdominal fullness, early satiety, and pain. These symptoms can all impact the quality of life and have presented a significant burden to the public health.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Michael Camilleri MD (Atherton and Winifred W. Bean Professor, Professor of Medicine and Physiology)

  2. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Maria I. Vazquez-Roque MD (Fellow)

Authors
  1. Michael Camilleri MD
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  2. Maria I. Vazquez-Roque MD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michael Camilleri MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Temple University, N. Broad St. 3401, Philadelphia, 19140, Pennsylvania, USA

    Henry P. Parkman

  2. Paul L Foster School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Ce, Alberta Avenue 4800, El Paso, 77905, Texas, USA

    Richard W. McCallum

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Camilleri, M., Vazquez-Roque, M.I. (2012). Gastric Dysmotility at the Organ Level in Gastroparesis. In: Parkman, H., McCallum, R. (eds) Gastroparesis. Clinical Gastroenterology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-552-1_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-552-1_4

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-60761-551-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-60761-552-1

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