Abstract
Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are the most common fragility fractures that affect the elderly population accounting for over 70,000 hospital admissions annually in the United States. Osteoporosis is a significant risk factor for VCFs which affects white females at a disproportionately greater rate than any other demographic group. Quantitative microarchitectural changes in the cancellous and cortical bone in the vertebral body result in qualitative changes to the vertebral endplate biomechanical properties leading to failure of the anterior column and subsequent compression fractures. While the majority of fractures are asymptomatic, pain with routine activities is a common presenting symptom. Non-steroidal medications, bracing, and low-dose narcotic medications are usually effective in treating most patients who have symptomatic VCFs. Percutaneous injection of polymethylmethacrylate has shown some promise in relieving pain from VCF, although recent studies have questioned these findings. Preventative care with vitamin D, calcium supplementation, and bone mineral density studies can significantly decrease the risk of developing osteoporosis and subsequently VCFs.
Keywords
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Ughwanogho, E., Hebela, N.M. (2011). Vertebral Compression Fractures. In: Pignolo, R., Keenan, M., Hebela, N. (eds) Fractures in the Elderly. Aging Medicine. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-467-8_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-467-8_11
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