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Dendritic Cell Homeostasis: Physiology and Impact on Disease

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Hematopoietic Stem Cell Biology

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

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Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) are a heterogeneous fraction of rare hematopoietic cells that coevolved with the formation of the adaptive immune system. DCs efficiently process and present antigen, move from sites of antigen uptake to sites of cellular interactions, and are critical in initiation of immune responses as well as in maintenance of self-tolerance. DCs are distributed throughout the body with the relatively highest concentrations in lymphoid organs and environmental contact sites. Steady-state DC half-lives account for days to up to a few weeks, and they need to be replaced via proliferating hematopoietic progenitors, monocytes, or locally dividing, tissue resident cells. In this review we integrate recent knowledge on DC progenitors, cytokines, and transcription factor usage to an emerging concept of in vivo DC homeostasis in steady-state and inflammatory conditions. We furthermore highlight how basic understanding of these differentiation mechanisms might help to improve our understanding of posttransplant immune reactions of DC malignancies and their respective therapies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gene and Cell medicine and the Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA

    Miriam Merad

  2. Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland

    Markus G. Manz

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  1. Miriam Merad
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Correspondence to Miriam Merad .

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  1. Duke University Medical Center, Research Drive, Durham, 27710, North Carolina, USA

    Motonari Kondo

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Merad, M., Manz, M.G. (2010). Dendritic Cell Homeostasis: Physiology and Impact on Disease. In: Kondo, M. (eds) Hematopoietic Stem Cell Biology. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-347-3_7

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