Skip to main content

Neurological Complications of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

  • Chapter
Book cover Cancer Neurology In Clinical Practice

Summary

Complications following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have long been recognized. The causes are numerous, including chemoradiotoxicity, medication toxicity, metabolic abnormalities, organ failure, graft versus host disease, infection, pancytopenia, and platelet dysfunction. This chapter summarizes the disorders affecting the nervous system associated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. As the number of transplants performed annually increases, potential neurologic complications are being seen with increasing frequency.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Goldman JM, Horowitz MM. The international bone marrow transplant registry. Int J Hematol 2002;76:393–397.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Horowitz MM, Gale RP, Sondel PM et al. Graft-versus-leukemia reactions after bone marrow transplantation. Blood 1990;75:555–562.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Peggs KS, Thomson K, Hart DP et al. Dose-escalated donor lymphocyte infusions following reduced intensity transplantation: toxicity, chimerism, and disease responses. Blood 2004;103:1548–1556.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Applebaum FR. Hematopoietic cell transplantation. In: Kasper DL et al. (eds.). Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th ed., vol. 1. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2005:668–673.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bhushan V, Collins RH. Chronic graft-versus-host disease. JAMA 2003;290:2599–2603.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Culter C, Giri S, Jeyapalan S et al. Acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic peripheral-blood stem cell and bone marrow transplantation: a meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:3685–3691.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Antonini G, Ceschin V, Morino S et al. Early neurologic complications following allogeneic bone marrow transplant for leukemia. Neurology 1998;50:1441–1445.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Bleggi-Torres LF, de Medeiros BC, Werner B et al. Neuropathological findings after bone marrow transplantation: an autopsy study of 180 cases. Bone Marrow Transplant 2000;25:301–307.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Gordon B, Lyden E, Lynch J et al. Central nervous system dysfunction as the first manifestation of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in stem cell transplant patients. Bone Marrow Transplant 2000;25:79–83.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Rosenfeld MS, Pruitt A. Neurologic complications of bone marrow, stem cell, and organ transplantation in patients with cancer. Semin Oncol 2006;33:352–361.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Mohrmann RL, Mah V, Vinters HV. Neuropathologic findings after bone marrow transplantation. Hum Pathol 1990;21:630–639.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jackson SR, Tweeddale MG, Barnett MJ et al. Admission of bone marrow transplant recipients to the intensive care unit: outcome, survival and prognostic factors. Bone Marrow Transplant 1998;21:697–704.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Woodard P, Helton K, McDaniel H et al. Encephalopathy in pediatric patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is associated with a poor prognosis. BMT 2004;33:1151–1157.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Baker WJ, Royer GL, Weiss RB. Cytarabine and neurologic toxicity. J Clin Oncol 1991;9:679–693

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Sullivan KM, Storb R, Shulman HM et al. Immediate and delayed neurotoxicity after mechlorethamine preparation for bone marrow transplantation. Ann Intern Med 1982;97:182–189.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Schuh A, Dandridge J, Haydon P et al. Encephalopathy complicating high-dose melphalan. Bone Marrow Transplant 1999;24:1141–1143.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Tahsildar HI, REmler BF, Creger RJ et al. Delayed, transient encephalopathy after marrow transplantation: case reports and MRI fidings in four patients. J Neurooncol 1996;247:241–250.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Meanwell CA, Blake AE, Kelly KA et al. Prediction of ifosfamide/mesna associated encephalopathy. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 1986;22:815–819.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Anderson NR, Tandon DS. Ifosfamide extrapyramidal neurotoxicity. Cancer 1991;68:72–75.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Curtin JP, Koonings PP, Gutierrez M et al. Ifosfamide-induced neurotoxicity. Gynecol Oncol 1991;42:193–196.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Cheson BD, Vena DA, Foss FM et al. Neurotoxicity of purine analogues: a review. J Clin Oncol 1994;112:2216–2228.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Atkinson K, Clink H, LaMer S et al. Encephalopathy following bone marrow transplantation. Eur J Cancer 1977;13:623–625.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Snavely SR, Hodges GR. The neurotoxicity of antibacterial agents. Ann Intern Med 1984;101:92–104.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Eng RHK, Munsif AN, Yangco BG et al. Seizure propensity with imipenem. Arch Intern Med 1989;149:1881–1883.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Frytak S, Moertel CG, Childs DS. Neurologic toxicity associated with high-dose metronidazole therapy. Ann Intern Med 1978;88:361–362.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Wade JC, Meyers JD. Neurologic symptoms associated with parenteral acyclovir treatment after marrow transplantation. Ann Intern Med 1983;98:921–925

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Swan SK, Bennett WM. Oral acyclovir and neurotoxicity. Ann Intern Med 1989;111:188.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Cohen SMZ, Minkove JA, Zebley JW III et al. Severe but reversible neurotoxicity from acyclovir. Ann Intern Med 1984; 100:920.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. McDonald GB, Hinds MS, Fisher LD et al. Veno-occlusive disease of the liver and multiorgan failure after bone marrow transplantation: a cohort study of 355 patients. Ann Intern Med 1993;118:255–267.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Rabinowe SN, Soiffer RJ, Tarell NJ et al. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome following bone marrow transplantation in adults for hematologic malignancies. Blood 1991;77:1837–1844.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Guinan EC, Tarbell NJ, Niemeyer CM et al. Intravascular hemolysis and renal insufficiency after bone marrow transplantation. Blood 1988; 72:451–455.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Haire WD. Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Crit Care Med 2002;30[Suppl]:S257–S262.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Shah AK. Cyclosporine A neurotoxicity among bone marrow transplant recipients. Clin Neuropharmacol 1999;22:67–73.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Wong R, Beguelin GZ, de Lima M et al. Tacrolimus-associated posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Br J Haematol 2003;122:128–134.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Steg RE, Kessinger A, Wszolek ZK. Cortical blindness and seizures in a patient receiving FK506 after bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1999;23:959–962.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Memon M, deMagalhaes-Silverman M, Bloom EJ et al. Reversible cyclosporine-induced cortical blindness in allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients. Bone Marrow Transplant 1995;15:283–286.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Hinchey J, Chaves C, Appignani B et al. A reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. N Engl J Med 1996;334:494–500.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Stott VL, Hurrell MA, Anderson TJ. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: a misnomer reviewed. Internal Med J 2005;35:83–90.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Hurwitz RL, Mahoney DH, Armstrong DL et al. Reversible encephalopathy and seizure as a result of conventional vincristine administration. Med Pediatr Oncol 1988;16:216–219.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Higman MA, Port JD, Beauchamp NJ et al. Reversible leukoencephalpathy associated with re-infusion of DMSO preserved stem cells. BMT 2000:26;797–800.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Majolino I, Caponetto A, Scime R et al. Wernicke-like encephalopathy after autologous bone marrow transplantation. Haematologica 1990;75:282–284.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Bleggi-Torres LF, de Medeiros BC, Ogasawara VSA et al. Iatrogenic Wernicke’s encephalopathy in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: a study of eight cases. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997;20:391–395.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Baek JH, Sohn SK, Dim DH et al. Wernicke’s encephalopathy after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2005;35:829–830.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Boqué C, Petit J, Aguilera C et al. Central and extrapontine myelinolysis following allogeneic peripheral haematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2003;31:61–64.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Fraser C, Charnas L, Orchard P. Central pontine myelinolysis following bone marrow transplantation complicated by severe hepatic veno-occlusive disease. Bone Marrow Transplant 2005;36:733–734.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Mitchell RB, Wagner JE, Karp JE et al. Syndrome of idiopathic hyperammonemia after high-dose chemotherapy: review of nine cases. Amer J Med 1988;85:662–667.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Sharp RA, Lang CC. Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Lancet 1987;1:805.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Tse N, Cederbaum S, Glaspy JA. Hyperammonemia following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Amer J Hematology 1991;38:140–141.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Leonard JV, Kay JDS. Acute encephalopathy and hyperammonaemia complicating treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with asparaginase. Lancet 1986; i:162–163 (letter).

    Google Scholar 

  50. Davies SM, Szabo E, Wagner JE et al. Idiopathic hyperammonemia: a frequently lethal complication of bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1996;17:1119–1125.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Berry GT, Bridges ND, Nathanson KL et al. Successful use of alternate waste nitrogen agents and hemodialysis in a patient with hyperammonemic coma after heart–lung transplantation. Arch Neurol 1999;56:481–484.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Snider S, Bashir R, Bierman P. Neurologic complications after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation for Hodgkin’s disease. Neurology 1994;44:681–684.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Walters MC, Patience M, Leisenring W et al. Bone marrow transplantation for sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med 1996;335:369–376.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. De la Camara R, Tomas JF, Figuera A et al. High-dose busulfan and seizures. Bone Marrow Transplant 1991;7:363–364.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Openshaw H, Slatkin NE. Differential diagnosis of neurological complications in bone marrow transplantation. The Neurologist 1995;1:191–206.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Ebner F, Ranner G, Slavc I et al. MR findings in methotrexate-induced CNS abnormalities. AJNR 1989;10:959–964.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Zakrzewski JL. Cyclosporin A–associated status epilepticus related to hematopoeitic stem cell transplantation for thalassemia. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2003;20:481–486.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Wszolek ZK, Steg RE, Armitage JO. Complex partial status epilepticus after bone marrow transplantation for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997;19:637–638.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Penn I. De novo malignant lesions of the central nervous system. In: Wijdicks EFM (ed.). Blue Books of Practical Neurology: Neurologic Complications in Organ Transplant Recipients, Volume 21. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999: 217–227.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Kolb HJ, Bender-Gotze CH. Late complications after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplant 1990;6:61–72.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Witherspoon RP, Fisher LD, Schoch G et al. Secondary cancers after bone marrow transplantation for leukemia or aplastic anemia. N Engl J Med 1989;321:784–789.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Socie G, Curtis RE, Deeg HJ et al. New malignant diseases after allogeneic marrow transplantation for childhood acute leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2000;18:348–357.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Kulkarni S, Powles R, Treleaven J et al. Chronic graft-versus-host disease is associated with long-term risk for pneumococcal infections in recipients of bone marrow transplants. Blood 2000;95:3683–3686.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Coplin WM, Cochran MS, Levine SR et al. Stroke after bone marrow transplantation: frequency, aetiology, and outcome. Brain 2001;124:1043–1051.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Bleggi-Torres, LF, Werner B, Gasparetto EL. Intracranial hemorrhage following bone marrow transplantation: an autopsy study of 58 patients. Bone Marrow Transplant 2002;29:29–32.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Colosimo M, McCarthy N, Jayasinghe R et al. Diagnosis and management of subdural haematoma complicating bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2000;25:549–552.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Kannan K, Koh LP, Linn YC. Subdural hematoma in two hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients with post-dural puncture headache and initially normal CT brain scan. Ann Hematol 2002;81:540–542.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Harvey CJ, Peniket AJ, Miszkiel K et al. MR angiographic diagnosis of cerebral venous signs thrombosis following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2000;25:791–795.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Bertz H, Laubenberger J, Steinfurth G et al. Sinus venous thrombosis: an unusual cause for neurologic symptoms after bone marrow transplantation under immunosuppression. Transplantation 1998;66:241–244.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Mori A, Tanaka J, Kobayashi S et al. Fatal cerebral hemorrhage associated with cyclosporin-A/FK506-related encephalopathy after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Ann Hematol 2000;79:588–592.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Gordon B, Haire W, Kessinger A et al. High frequency of antithrombin-3 and protein C deficiency following autologous bone marrow transplantation for lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplant 1991;8:497–502.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Gordon BG, Saving Kl, McCallister JA et al. Cerebral infarction associated with protein C deficiency following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1991;8:323–325.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Kaufman PA, Jones RB, Greenberg CS et al. Autologous bone marrow transplantation and factor XII, factor VII, and protein C deficiencies. Cancer 1990;66:515–521.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Qasim W, Gerritsen B, Veys P. Anticardiolipin antibodies and thromboembolism after BMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 1998;21:845–847.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Richard S, Seigneur M, Blann A et al. Vascular endothelial lesion in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1996;18:955–959.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Kalhs P, Brugger S, Schwarzinger I et al. Microangiopathy following allogeneic marrow transplantation. Transplantation 1995;60:949–957.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Windrum P, Morris TCM. Severe neurotoxicity because of dimethyl sulphoxide following peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2003;31:315.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Darabi K, Brown JR, Kao GS. Paradoxical embolism after peripheral blood stem cell infusion. Bone Marrow Transplant 2005;36:561–562.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Jerman MR, Fick RB, Jr. Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis associated with bone marrow transplanation. Chest 1986;90:919–922.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Patchell RA, White CL, 3rd, aClark AW et al. Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis in bone marrow transplant patients. Cancer 1985;55:631–635.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Tschuchnigg M, Bradstock KF, Koutts J et al. A case of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1990;5:61–63.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Ho VT, Cutler C, Carter S et al. Blood and marrow transplant clinical trials network toxicity committee consensus summary: thrombotic microangiopathy after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2005;11:571–575.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Padovan CS, Bise K, Hahn J et al. Angiitis of the central nervous system after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation? Stroke 1999;30:1651–1656.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Ma M, Barnes G, Pulliam J et al. CNS angiitis in graft vs. host disease. Neurology 2002;59:1994–1997.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Campbell JN, Morris PP. Cerebral vasculitis in graft-versus-host disease. Am J Neuroradiol 2005;26:654–656.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. De Medeiros BC, de Medeiros CR, Werner B et al. Central nervous system infections following bone marrow transplantation: an autopsy report of 27 cases. J Hematother Stem Cell Res 2000;9:535–540.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Van Burik JA, Hackman RC, Nadeem SQ et al. Nocardiosis after bone marrow transplantation: a retrospective study. Clin Infect Dis 1997;24:1154–1160.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Chouciño C, Goodman SA, Greer JP et al. Nocardial infections in bone marrow transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 1996;23:1012–1019.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Machado CM, Macedo MC, Castelli JB et al. Clinical features and successful recovery from disseminated nocardiosis after BMT. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1997;17:81–82.

    Google Scholar 

  90. Elliott MA, Tefferi A, Marshall WF et al. Disseminated nocardiosis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1997;20:425–426.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Carradice D, Szer J. Cerebral nocardiosis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Intern Med J. 2004;34:698–699.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Laurence AD, Peggs KS. Cerebral and pulmonary nocardia in a bone marrow transplant patient. Br J Haematol. 2005;129:711.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Campos A, Vaz CP, Campilho F et al. Central nervous system tuberculosis following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000;25:567–569.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Graus F, Saiz A, Sierra J et al. Neurologic complications of autologous and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation inpatients with leukemia. Neurology 1996;46:1004–1009.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Martino R, Martinez C, Brunet S et al. Tuberculosis in bone marrow transplant recipients: report of two cases and review of the literature. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1996;18:809–812.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Aljurf M, Gyger M, Alrajhi A et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation patients. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1999;24:551–554.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Rodriguez M, Chou S, Fisher DC et al. Lyme meningoradiculitis and myositis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41:112–114.

    Google Scholar 

  98. Walsh TJ, Hier DB, Caplan LR. Aspergillosis of the central nervous system: clinicopathological analysis of 17 patients. Ann Neurol 1985;18:574–582.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Miaux Y, Ribaud P, Williams M et al. MR of cerebral aspergillosis in patients who have had bone marrow transplantation. Am J Neuroradiol 1995;16:555–562.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Guermazi A, Gluckman E, Tabti B et al. Invasive central nervous system aspergillosis in bone marrow transplantation recipients: an overview. Eur Radiol 2003;13:377–388.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Khoury H, Adkins D, Miller G et al. Resolution of invasive central nervous system aspergillosis in a transplant recipient. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997;20:179–180.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Baslar Z, Soysal T, Hanci M et al. Successfully treated invasive central nervous system aspergillosis in an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient. Bone Marrow Transplant 1998;22:404–405.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. LaRocco MT, Burgert SJ. Infection in the bone marrow transplant recipient and role of the microbiology laboratory in clinical transplantation. Clin Microbiol Rev 1997;10:277–297.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Hagensee ME, Bauwens JE, Kjos B et al. Brain abscess following marrow transplantation: experience at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1984–1992. Clin Infect Dis 1994;19:402–408.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Maschke M, Dietrich U, Prumbaum M et al. Opportunistic CNS infection after bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1999;23:1167–1176.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for preventing opportunistic infections among hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: recommendations of CDC, the Infectious Disease Society of America, and the American Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. MMWR 2000;49:23,26,107.

    Google Scholar 

  107. Tolkoff-Rubin NE, Hoving GK, Rubin RH. Central nervous system infections. Chapter 10 in: Wijdicks EFM (ed.). Neurologic Complications in Organ Transplant Recipients. Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  108. Nenoff P, Kellermann S, Schober R et al. Rhinocerebral zygomycosis following bone marrow transplantation in chronic myelogenous leukaemia: report of a case and review of the literature. Mycoses 1998;41:365–372.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Baddley JW, Moser SA, Sutton DA et al. Microascus cinereus (Anamorph scopulariopsis) brain abscess in a bone marrow transplant recipient. J Clin Microbiol 2000;38:395–397.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Chandrasekar PH, Momin F. Disseminated toxoplasmosis in marrow recipients: a report of three cases and a review of the literature. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997;19:685–689.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Brinkman K, Debast S, Sauerwein R et al. Toxoplasma retinitis/encephalitis 9 months after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1998;21:635–636.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Derouin F, Devergie A, Auber P et al. Toxoplasmosis in bone marrow-transplant recipients: report of seven cases and review. Clin Infect Dis 1992;15:267–270.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Bretagne S, Costa JM, Kuentz M et al. Late toxoplasmosis evidenced by PCR in a marrow transplant recipient. Bone Marrow Tranplant 1995;15:809–811.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Tefferi A, O’Neill BP, Inwards DJ. Late-onset cerebral toxoplasmosis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1998;21:1285–1286.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Dietrich U, Maschke M, Dörfler A et al. MRI of intracranial toxoplasmosis after bone marrow transplantation. Neuroradiology 2000;42:14–18.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Khoury H, Adkins D, Brown R et al. Successful treatment of cerebral toxoplasmosis in a marrow transplant recipient: contribution of a PCR test in diagnosis and early detection. Bone Marrow Transplant 1999;23:409–411.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Löwenberg B, van Gijn J, Prins E et al. Fatal cerebral toxoplasmosis in a bone marrow transplant recipient with leukemia. Transplantation 1983;35:30–34.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Slavin MA, Meyers JD, Remington JS et al. Toxoplasma gondii infection in marrow transplant recipients: a 20-year experience. Bone Marrow Transplant 1994;13:549–557.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Roemer E, Blau IW, Basra N et al. Toxoplasmosis, a severe complication in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: successful treatment strategies during a 5-year single-center experience. Clin Infect Dis 2001;32:1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  120. Seong DC, Przepiorka D, Bruner JM et al. Leptomeningeal toxoplasmosis after allogeneic marrow transplantation. Am J Clin Oncol 1993;16:105–108.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Bleggi-Torres LF, de Medeiros BC, Werner B et al. Unusual presentation of cerebral toxoplasmosis after BMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 1999;23:855–856.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Martino R, Maertens J, Bretagne S et al. Toxoplasmosis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clin Infect Dis 2000;31:1158–1194.

    Google Scholar 

  123. Anderlini P, Przepiorka D, Luna M et al. Acanthamoeba meningoencephalitis after bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1994;14:459–461.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Feingold JM, Abraham J, Bilgrami S et al. Acanthamoeba meningoencephalitis following autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1998;22:297–300.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Atkinson K, Meyers JD, Storb R et al. Varicella zoster virus infection after marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia or leukemia. Transplantation. 1980;29(1):47–50.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Kimberlin DW, Whitley RJ. Human herpesvirus-6: neurologic implications of a newly described viral pathogen. J Neurovirol 1998;4:474–485.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Bosi A, Zazzi M, Amantini A et al. Fatal herpesvirus-6 encephalitis after unrelated bone marrow transplant. Bone Marrow Transplant 1998;22:285–288.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Singh N. Paterson D. Encephalitis caused by human herpesvirus-6 in transplant recipients: relevance of a novel neurotropic virus. Transplantation 2000;69:2474–2479.

    Google Scholar 

  129. Wainwright MS, Martin PL, Morse RP et al. Human herpesvirus-6 limbic encephalitis after stem cell transplantation. Ann Neurol 2001;50:612–619.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Gorniak RJT, Young GS, Wiese DE et al. MR imaging of human herpesvirus-6-associated encephalitis in 4 patients with anterograde amnesia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Am J Neuroradiol 2006;27:87–891.

    Google Scholar 

  131. Wang FZ, Linde A, Hägglund H et al. Human herpesvirus-6 DNA in cerebrospinal fluid specimens from allogeneic bone marrow transplant patients: does it have clinical significance? Clin Infect Dis 1999;28:562–568.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Yoshihara S, Kato R, Inoue T et al. Successful treatment of life-threatening human herpesvirus-6 encephalitis with donor lymphocyte infusion in a patient who had undergone human leukocyte antigen–haploidentical nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation. Transplantation 2004;77:835–838.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  133. Demeter LM. JC, BK, and other polyomavirus; progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R (eds.). Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 5th ed. Churchill Livingstone: London, 2000:1645–1651.

    Google Scholar 

  134. Re D, Bamborschke S, Feiden W et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after autologous bone marrow transplantation and alpha-interferon immunotherapy. Bone Marrow Transplant 1999;23:295–298.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Przepiorka D, Jaeckle KA, Birdwell RR et al. Successful treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with low-dose interleukin-2. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997;20:983–987.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Openshaw H, Slatkin NE, Parker PM et al. Immune-mediated myelopathy after allogeneic marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1995;15:633–636.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Chao MWT, Wirth A, Ryan G et al. Radiation myelopathy following transplantation and radiotherapy for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Int J Radiation Oncol Biol Phys 1998;5:1057–1061.

    Google Scholar 

  138. Schwartz DL, Schechter GP, Seltzer S et al. Radiation myelitis following allogeneic stem cell transplantation and consolidation radiotherapy for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplant 2000;26:1355–1359.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Richard S, Fruchtman S, Scigliano E et al. An immunological syndrome featuring transverse myelitis, Evans syndrome, and pulmonary infiltrates after unrelated bone marrow transplant in a patient with severe aplastic anemia. Bone Marrow Transplant 2000;26:1225–1228.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Bolton CF, Young GB. Critical illness polyneuropathy: current treatment options in neurology 2000;2:489–498.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  141. Zifko UA. Long-term outcome of critical illness polyneuropathy. Muscle Nerve 2000;999:S49–S52.

    Google Scholar 

  142. Roskrow MA, Kelsey SM, McCarthy M et al. Selective autonomic neuropathy as a novel complication of BMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 1992;10:469–470.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Greenspan A, Deeg HG, Cottler-Fox M et al. Incapacitating peripheral neuropathy as a manifestation of chronic graft-versus–host disease. Bone Marrow Transplant 1990;5:349–352.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Amato AA, Barohn RJ, Sahenk Z et al. Polyneuropathy complicating bone marrow and solid organ transplantation. Neurology 1993;43:1513–1518.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Griggs JJ, Commichau CS, Rapoport AP et al. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Am J Hematol 1997;54:332–334.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Wen PY, Aleya EP, Simon D et al. Guillain–Barré syndrome following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Neurology 1997;49:1711–1714.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Parker P, Chao NJ, Ben–Ezra J et al. Polymyositis is a manifestation of chronic graft-versus-host disease. Medicine 1996;75:279–285.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Tse S, Saunders EF, Silverman E et al. Myasthenia gravis and polymyositis as manifestations of chronic graft-versus-host disease. Bone Marrow Transplant 1999;23:397–399.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Leano AM, Miller K, White AC. Chronic graft-versus-host disease related polymyositis as a cause of respiratory failure following allogeneic bone marrow transplant. Bone Marrow Transplant 2000;26:1117–1120.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Couriel DR, Geguelin GZ, Giralt S et al. Chronic graft-versus-host disease manifesting as polymyositis: an uncommon presentation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2002;30:543–546.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Stevens AM, Sullivan KM, Nelson JL. Polymyositis as a manifestation of chronic graft-versus-host disease. Rheumatology 2003;42:34–39.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Lin PC, Hsiao LT, Chen PM. Acute polymyositis after donor lymphocyte infusion. Eur J Haematol 2005;74:166–168.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. Bolger GB, Sullivan KM, Spence AM et al. Myasthenia gravis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: relationship to chronic graft-versus-host disease. Neurology 1986;36:1087–1091.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Baron F, Sadzot B, Wang F et al. Myasthenia gravis without chronic GVHD after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1998;22:197–200.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Mackey JR, Desai S, Larratt L et al. Myasthenia gravis in association with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: clinical observations, therapeutic implications and review of literature. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997;19:939–942.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Dowell JE, Moots PL, Stein RS. Myasthenia gravis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for lymphoblastic lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplant 1999;24:1359–1361.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Zaja F, Russo D, Fuga G et al. Rituximab for myasthenia gravis developing after bone marrow transplant. Neurology 2000;55:1062–1063.

    Google Scholar 

  158. Maury S, Mary JY, Rabian C et al. Prolonged immune deficiency following allogeneic stem cell transplantation: risk factors and complications in adult patients. Br J Haematol 2001;115:630–641.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Rouah E, Gruber R, Shearer W et al. Graft-versus-host disease in the central nervous system: a real entity? Am J Clin Pathol 1988;89:543–546.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Azuno Y, Yaga K, Kaneko T et al. Chronic graft-versus-host disease and seizure. Blood 1998;91:2626–2628.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. Kamble RT, Chang C-C, Sanchez S et al. Central nervous system graft-versus-host disease: report of two cases and review of the literature. Bone Marrow Transplant 2007;39:49–52.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Quant, E., Wen, P.Y. (2008). Neurological Complications of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. In: Schiff, D., Kesari, S., Wen, P.Y. (eds) Cancer Neurology In Clinical Practice. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-412-4_18

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-412-4_18

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-983-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-412-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics