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Somatic Alterations in Prostate Cancer Progression

  • Chapter
Prostate Cancer

Part of the book series: Contemporary Cancer Research ((CCR))

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Abstract

The chromosomal aberrations typical for prostate cancer have been quite well characterized by using molecular genetic tools, such as the analysis of loss of heterozygosity (LOH), comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and the array-based CGH (aCGH). Consequently, the major challenge during recent years has been the identification of the individual genes targeted by these chromosomal alterations. Although some target genes, including the androgen receptor gene (AR) at Xq and the PTEN tumor suppressor gene at the 10q, are already known, most target genes are yet to be discovered. Overall, only a few genes have been found to be mutated in prostate cancer. The most common alterations of individual genes, detected so far, are hypermethylation of the GSTP1 gene, amplification of the AR gene, and mutations in the TP53 and PTEN genes. Because genetic alterations seem to point out the weak spots of cancer and have, thus, been used as markers for druggable targets in many other cancer types, it would be extremely important to carry out systematic mutation screening programs to find more genes that are frequently mutated also in prostate cancer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Medical Technology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland

    Kati P. Porkka PhD & Tapio Visakorpi MD, PhD

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  1. Kati P. Porkka PhD
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  2. Tapio Visakorpi MD, PhD
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  1. Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA

    Leland W. K. Chung PhD

  2. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD

    William B. Isaacs PhD

  3. Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, CA

    Jonathan W. Simons MD

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Porkka, K.P., Visakorpi, T. (2007). Somatic Alterations in Prostate Cancer Progression. In: Chung, L.W.K., Isaacs, W.B., Simons, J.W. (eds) Prostate Cancer. Contemporary Cancer Research. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-224-3_15

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