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Hemostasis of Acute Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

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Abstract

Peptic ulcers, mucosal erosions, erosive esophagitis, Mallory-Weiss tear, angiodysplasias, gastric antral vascular ectasia, and tumors are common causes of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB). Endoscopy is an integral part of the management algorithm for NVUGIB. Endoscopic modalities that have proven to be effective in achieving primary hemostasis and preventing rebleeding include injection therapy, thermal therapies, and mechanical devices, such as clips and bands. The identification of bleeding lesions that are suitable for endoscopic hemostasis, careful selection of specific device(s) for a particular lesion, and operator familiarity and dexterity in handling hemostatic devices are principal determinants for a successful endoscopic outcome.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel

    Amir Klein M.D.

  2. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

    Amir Klein M.D. & Ian M. Gralnek M.D. M.S.H.S., F.A.S.G.E.

  3. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ha’Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel

    Ian M. Gralnek M.D. M.S.H.S., F.A.S.G.E.

Authors
  1. Amir Klein M.D.
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  2. Ian M. Gralnek M.D. M.S.H.S., F.A.S.G.E.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ian M. Gralnek M.D. M.S.H.S., F.A.S.G.E. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

    Louis M. Wong Kee Song

  2. Medical College of Wisconsin-Green Bay Campus, Prevea Center for Digestive Health, Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA

    Emmanuel C. Gorospe

  3. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    Todd H. Baron

Electronic Supplementary Material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Actively bleeding gastric ulcer treated with epinephrine injection and heater probe coagulation (MP4 47696 kb)

Gastric antral vascular ectasia treated with argon plasma coagulation (MP4 22551 kb)

Actively oozing gastric ulcer treated with clip placement (MP4 14076 kb)

Salvage over-the-scope clip placement for recurrent post-polypectomy duodenal bleeding (MP4 14046 kb)

Gastric Dieulafoy lesion treated with endoscopic band ligation (MP4 20681 kb)

Persistent peptic ulcer bleeding treated with a hemostatic spray (MP4 16773 kb)

Ulcer and bleeding stigmata unsuitable for endoscopic therapy (MP4 14764 kb)

Mallory-Weiss tear treated with clip placement (MP4 24503 kb)

Endoscopic management of a peptic ulcer with an adherent clot (MP4 22987 kb)

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Klein, A., Gralnek, I.M. (2016). Hemostasis of Acute Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. In: Wong Kee Song, L., Gorospe, E., Baron, T. (eds) GI Endoscopic Emergencies. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3085-2_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3085-2_11

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  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-3085-2

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