Abstract
The pharyngoesophageal segment (PES) is one of the only regions of the swallowing mechanism that is modifiable with therapy and surgery. A thorough knowledge of PES pathology is essential for all swallowing clinicians. The VFSS is the gold standard tool to diagnose PES dysfunction. The purpose of this chapter is to present a systemic approach to the fluoroscopic evaluation of PES dysfunction.
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Belafsky, P., Kuhn, M. (2014). Abnormal Pharyngoesophageal Segment Fluoroscopy. In: The Clinician's Guide to Swallowing Fluoroscopy. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1109-7_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1109-7_10
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