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Risk Factors for Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Retinopathy

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Abstract

Over 80 % of patients taking 4-aminoquinolines (4AQs) have risk factors for retinopathy. The most important risk factor is the adjusted daily dose. Taking hydroxychloroquine at a dose less than 6.5 mg/kg/d based on the lesser of actual and ideal body weight is typically safe. Failure by prescribing physicians to dose correctly and by screening eye care providers to detect and suggest correction of overdosing are the most common factors contributing to 4-aminoquinoline retinopathy. Currently, at least one eighth of patients taking 4AQs are overdosed.

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Abbreviations

ABW:

Actual body weight

ADD:

Adjusted daily dose

4AQR:

4-Aminoquinoline retinopathy

4AQs:

4-Aminoquinolines (chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine)

C:

Chloroquine

HC:

Hydroxychloroquine

IBW:

Ideal body weight

RA:

Rheumatoid arthritis

RPE:

Retinal pigment epithelium

SD:

Standard deviation

SLE:

Systemic lupus erythematosus

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Browning, D.J. (2014). Risk Factors for Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Retinopathy. In: Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Retinopathy. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0597-3_7

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