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Definitions of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Retinopathy

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Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Retinopathy

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Abstract

Lack of agreement in defining 4-aminoquinoline retinopathy has impeded progress in understanding and preventing the condition. There are stages of retinopathy, but unclear boundaries separate them. An international working group to standardize definitions would help lay the foundation for clearer communication and synthesis of knowledge.

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Abbreviations

4AQ:

4-Aminoquinoline (chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine)

4AQR:

4-Aminoquinoline retinopathy

FA:

Fluorescein angiography

HC:

Hydroxychloroquine

mfERG:

Multifocal electroretinogram

RPE:

Retinal pigment epithelium

SAP:

Standard automated perimetry

SD-OCT:

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Charlotte Eye Ear Nose & Throat Associates, Charlotte, NC, USA

    David J. Browning

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Browning, D.J. (2014). Definitions of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Retinopathy. In: Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Retinopathy. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0597-3_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0597-3_4

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

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