Skip to main content

Analytical Methods for Optimizing Knowledge-Based Information Structures in Simulation-Based Training

  • Chapter
Book cover Advanced Technologies Applied to Training Design

Part of the book series: Defense Research Series ((DRSS,volume 4))

Abstract

For obvious reasons, computer-aided instructions (CAI), training methods and intelligent tutoring systems, e.g. expert systems, are used to assist teachers in performing their tasks and functions. The extent to which it would be useful and desirable to replace a human teacher completely depends on the task to be accomplished, a problem which will be discussed at the end of this paper.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literature

  • Bainbridge, L., 1979, Verbal reports as evidence of the process operator’s knowledge, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 11, 411–436.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bereiter, S. R., and Miller, S. M., 1989, A field based study of troubleshooting in computercontrolled manufacturing systems, IEEE-SMC, 19, 205–219.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berry, D. C., 1987, The problem of implicit knowledge, Expert Systems, 4, 144–151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bonato, M., 1988, Knowledge elicitation with structure formation techniques, In: J. Diederich, and T. Uthmann, (ed.), Knowledge Acquisition, Arbeitspapier No. 281. St. Augustin, GMD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boose, J., 1985, A knowledge acquisition program for expert systems based on personal construct theory, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 20, 21–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boose, J., 1986, Rapid acquisition and combination of knowledge from multiple experts in the same domain, Future Computing Systems, 1, 191–216.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boose, J., and Bradshaw, J., 1987, Expertise transfer and complex problems: Using AQUINAS as a knowledge-acquisition workbench for knowledge-based systems, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 26, 3–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Breuker, J. A., and Wielenga, B. J., 1987, Use of models in the interpretation of verbal data, In: A. Kidd, (ed.), Knowledge acquisition for expert systems, New York, Plenum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Breuker, J. A., Wielinga, B. W., van Someren, M., de Hoog, R., Schreiber, G., De Greef, P., Bredeweg, B., Wielemaker, J., Billaut, J., Davoodo, M., Hayward, S., 1988, Modeldriven knowledge acquisition: interpretation models, Deliverable task Al, Esprit Project 1098, University of Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carbonell, J. R., 1970, Al in CAI: An artificial intelligence approach to computer aided instruction, IEEE Transactions on Man-Machine Systems, 11, 190–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Can, B., and Goldstein, I., 1977, Overlays: A theory of modeling for computer aided instruction, Cambridge, Mass., Al Laboratory, MIT.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clancey, W. J., 1985, Heuristic classification, Artificial Intelligence, 27,209–350.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cordingley, E. S., 1989, Knowledge elicitation techniques for knowledge-based systems, In: D. Diaper, (ed.), Knowledge Elicitation, Ellis Norwood, Chicester, 89–175.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davies, M., and Hakiel, S., 1988, Knowledge harvesting: A practical guide to interviewing, Expert Systems, 5, 42–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, R., 1983, Interactive transfer of expertise, In: E. H. Shortliffe, and B. Buchanan, (ed.), Rule-based expert systems: the MYCIN experiments, Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diederich, J., Ruhmann, I., and May, M., 1986, KRITON: A knowledge acquisition tool for expert systems, Proceedings of the Knowledge Acquisition for KBS Workshop, Banff, Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eberts, R. E., and Brock, J. F. 1987, Computer-Assisted and Computer-Managed Instruction, In: G. Salvendy, (ed.), Handbook of Human Factors, New York, Wiley, 976–1011.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ericsson, K. A., and Simon, H. A., 1985, Protokoll analysis: Verbal report as data, London, MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fransella, F., and Bannister, D., 1977, A manual for repertory grid technique, London, Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaines, B. R., 1987, Rapid prototyping for expert systems, In: M. Oliff, (ed.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Expert systems and the Leading Edge in Productions, Planning, and Control.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaines, B. R., and Shaw, M., 1986, Induction of inference rules for expert systems, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 18, 315–328.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garg-Janardan, C., and Salvendy, G., 1987, A conceptual framework for knowledge elicitation, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 26, 521–532.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garg-Janardan, C., Eberts, R.E., Zimolong, B., Nof, S. Y., Salvendy, G., 1987, Expert Systems, In: G. Salvendy, (ed.), Handbook of human factors, New York, Wiley, 1130–1176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hacker, W., 1986, Arbeitspsychologie, Bern, Huber.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman, R. R., 1986, Procedures for efficently extracting the knowledge of experts, Technical Report, Office of Scientific Research, Bolling Air Force Base, Zit. In: Hoffman, R. R., 1987, The problem of extracting the knowledge of experts from the perspective of experimental psychology, AI Magazine, 8, 53–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelly, G. A., 1955, The psychology of personal constructs. Vols. 1 and 2, New York, Norton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kitto, C. M., and Boose, J. H., 1987, Heuristics for expertise transfer: An implementation of a dialog manager for knowledge acquisition, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 26, 183–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klein, G. A., 1987, Applications of analogic reasoning, Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 2, 201–218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Konradt, U., Strwter, O.,1990, Ein computergestuetztes Strukturlegeverfahren zur Akquisition von Diagnosestrategien in komplexen Arbeitssituationen, Unpublished paper, Lehrstuhl fuer Arbeits-und Organisationspsychologie, University of Bochum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Konradt, U., and Zimolong, B., 1990, Die Analyse von Diagnosestrategien bei Wartungs-und Instandsetzungsaufgaben in flexiblen Fertigungsstruktu-ren, In: D. Frey, (ed.), Bericht Ueber den 37. Kongress der DGfP in Kiel 1990, Hogrefe, Gcettingen, 322.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laur-Ernst, U., 1986, Mit CNC-Simulation lernen - Mceglichkeiten und Grenzen, In: M. Hoppe, and H.-H. Erbe, (ed.), Rechnergest Uetzte Facharbeit, 106–118. Wetzlar, W. v. Siemens-Schule.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linstone, H. A., and Turoff, M., 1975, (ed.), The dephi method, London, Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCarthy, J., 1968, Programming with common sense, In: M. Minsky, (ed.), Semantic information processing, 403–418, Cambridge, Mass., MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, N., 1987, Neue Anforderungen an die Ausbilder, In: 2. Fachtagungsbericht aus dem Forschungsprojekt “Mikroelektronik und berufliche Bildung – Gesamtauswertung”, Fachtagung am 15. und 16. Oktober 1987 im Wissenschaftszentrum in Bonn “Innovation und Qualifikation”, Fraunhofer-Institut fuer Arbeitswirtschaft und Organisation (IAO), 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  • Musen, M. A., 1989, Automated generation of model-based knowledge acquisition tools, London, Pitman.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Keefe, R. M., Balci, O., and Smith, E. P.,1987, Validating expert system performance, IEEE Expert, 2, 81–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Leary, T. J., Goul, M., Moffitt, K. E., and Radwan, A. E., 1990, Validating expert systems, IEEE Expert, 5, 51–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olson, J., and Rueter, H. H., 1987, Extracting expertise from experts: Methods for knowledge acquisition, Expert Systems, 4, 152–168.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oswald, M., and Gardenne, V., 1984, Wissen, Koennеn und kuenstliche Intelli-genz, Sprache & Kognition, 3, 173–184.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raen, J., 1983, Skills, rules and knowledge, signals, signs and symbols and other distinctions in human performance models, IEEE-SMC, 13, 257–266.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rothe, H.-J., Timpe, K.-P., and Warning, J., 1990, Methodenkritische Analyse der Erfassbarkeit von Fachwissen, Unpublished paper, Humboldt-University, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheele, B., and Groeben, N., 1984, Die Heidelberger Struktur-Lege-Technik (SLT), Eine Dialog-Konsens-Methode zur Erhebung subjektiver Theorien mittlerer Reichweite, Weinheim, Beltz.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schvaneveldt, R. W., Durso, F. T., Goldsmith, T. E., Breen, T. J., Cooke, N. M., Tucker, R. G., and DeMaio, J. C., 1985, Measuring the structure of expertise, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 23, 699–728.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shaw, M. L., 1988, Problems of validation in a knowledge acquisition system using multiple experts, In: J. Boose, B. Gaines, and M. Linster, (ed.), Proceedings of the European Knowledge Akquisition Workshop, Sankt Augustin, GMD, 5–1–5–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaw, M. L., and Gaines, B. R., 1987, An interactive knowledge-elicitation technique using personal construct technology, In: A. Kidd, (ed.), Knowledge acquisition for experts systems. A practical handbook, Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shortliffe, E. H., 1976, Computer-based medical consultations: MYCIN, New York, Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sonntag, K., 1985, Qualifikationsanforderungen im Werkzeugmaschinenbereich, In: K. Sonntag, (ed.), Neue Produktionstechniken und qualifizierte Arbeit, koeln, Wirtschaftsverlag Bachem, 81–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sonntag, K. H., 1989, Trainingsforschung in der Arbeitspsychologie, Bern, Huber.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tergan, S.-O., 1989, Psychologische Grundlagen der Erfassung individueller Wissensreprwsentationen, Tеil I: Grundlagen der Wissensmodellierung, Sprache und Kognition, 8, 152–165.

    Google Scholar 

  • Timpe, K.-P., 1990, Experimentalpsychologie und technische Wissensverarbeitung - psychologische Aspekte bei der Entwicklung von Expertensystemen, Unpublished paper, Humboldt-University Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Welbank, M., 1987, Knowledge acquisition: a survey and British telecom experience, In: T. Addis, J. Boose, and B. Gaines, (ed.), Proceedings of the First European Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition for knowledge-Based systems, Reading Unversity.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimolong, B., 1990, Fehler und Zuverlæssigkeit, In: C. Graf Hoyos, and B. Zimolong, (ed.), Enzyklopædie der Psychologie, vol. 2: Ingenieurpsychologie, Gaettingen, Hogrefe, 313–345.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimolong, B., Gottlieb, W., and Rosemann, B., 1988, Ziele und Aufgaben psychologischen Handelns in der Praxis. Tradition und neue Trends, In: E. Frieling, and F. Ruppert, (ed.), Psychologisches Handeln in Organisationen und Betrieben, Bern, Huber, 22–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimolong, B., and Konradt, U., 1990, Arbeitsbericht zum Forschungsvorhaben Entwicklung eines Ratgebersystems fuer die Stoerfalldiagnose in flexiblen Fertigungsstrukturen, SFB 187: Project A-2, University of Bochum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimolong, B. and Konradt, U., 1991, Diagnosis strategies of maintenance personel in flexible advanced manufacturing structures, In: H.-J. Bullinger (ed.), Human Aspects in Computing, Amsterdam, Elesevier, 1051–1055.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimolong, B., Nof, S. Y., Eberts, R.E., and Salvendy, G., 1987, On the limits of expert systems and engineering models in process control, Behavior and Information Technology, 6, 15–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1993 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Zimolong, B., Konradt, U. (1993). Analytical Methods for Optimizing Knowledge-Based Information Structures in Simulation-Based Training. In: Seidel, R.J., Chatelier, P.R. (eds) Advanced Technologies Applied to Training Design. Defense Research Series, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3014-5_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3014-5_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6313-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3014-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics