Abstract
Cross-country pipelines transporting crude oil or refined products are usually hundreds of kilometers long with several pumping stations located along their length (Fig. 7-1). The pumping head of these stations mainly covers the friction losses in the pipeline. In a mountainous terrain, however, gravity lift may be required in addition to the friction losses.
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Chaudhry, M.H. (2014). Transients In Long Oil Pipelines. In: Applied Hydraulic Transients. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8538-4_7
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