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Quantum Dot Molecules pp 149–175Cite as

Size-dependent Electronic and Polarization Properties of Multi-Layer InAs Quantum Dot Molecules

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Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Nanoscale Science and Technology ((LNNST,volume 14))

Abstract

In this chapter, we analyze the polarization response of multi-layer quantum dot molecules (QDMs) containing up to nine vertically stacked quantum dot layers by carrying out a systematic set of multi-million atom simulations. The atomistic modeling and simulations allow us to include correct symmetry properties in the calculations of the electronic and optical spectra: a factor critical to explain the experimental evidence. The values of the degree of polarization (DOP) calculated from our model based on the geometry parameters directly extracted from the experimental TEM images follow the trends of the recently published experimental data. We also present detailed physical insight of the fundamental underlying physics by examining strain profiles, band edges diagrams, and wave function plots. Multi-directional calculations of the DOP reveal a unique property of the InAs QDMs that the TE response in the plane perpendicular to the growth direction is highly anisotropic. Therefore we propose that a single value of the DOP is not sufficient to fully characterize the polarization response. We explain this anisotropy of the TE modes in terms of the orientation of the hole wave functions that align along the [\(\bar{1}10\)] direction. Our results provide a new insight that the isotropic polarization response measured in the experimental PL spectra is due to two factors: (i) TM[001] mode increases due to enhanced intermixing of HH and LH bands and (ii) TE[110] mode reduces significantly due to the hole wave function alignments along the [\(\bar{1}10\)] direction. This is in contrast to general notion that only an increase in the TM[001] mode is responsible for the isotropic polarization. We also present polarization response as a function of various geometry configurations of the quantum dot layers to provide a guide to experimentalists for the design of optical devices based on multi-layer QDMs.

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Acknowledgments

I am indebted to many colleagues with whom I have had the pleasure to work with, and in particular I wish to gratefully acknowledge Gerhard Klimeck (Purdue University USA), Takashi Kita (Kobe University Japan), Timothy B. Boykin (University of Alabama in Huntsville USA), Eoin P. O’Reilly (Tyndall National Institute Ireland), Stefan Schulz (Tyndall National Institute Ireland), and Shaikh S. Ahmed (Southern Illinois University USA). The use of computational resources from the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded Network for Computational Nanotechnology (NCN) through https://nanohub.org is acknowledged. The NEMO 3-D software package is developed by several researchers at Jet Propulsion Labs (JPL) and Purdue University under supervision of Prof. Gerhard Klimeck whom work has been cited in the corresponding references. The open source tools based on NEMO 3-D simulator are available at https://nanohub.org/groups/nemo_3d_distribution.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland

    Muhammad Usman

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  1. Muhammad Usman
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Correspondence to Muhammad Usman .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China

    Jiang Wu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Electronic, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China

    Zhiming M. Wang

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Usman, M. (2014). Size-dependent Electronic and Polarization Properties of Multi-Layer InAs Quantum Dot Molecules. In: Wu, J., Wang, Z. (eds) Quantum Dot Molecules. Lecture Notes in Nanoscale Science and Technology, vol 14. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8130-0_5

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