Skip to main content

Tubulointerstitial Diseases

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
  • 5249 Accesses

Part of the book series: Atlas of Anatomic Pathology ((AAP))

Abstract

Tubulointerstitial diseases are the most common causes of acute and chronic renal failure. They may be classified in several different ways. An etiologic classification and classification by pattern of injury are probably the most common strategies. Each has certain limitations; for instance, the etiology of many tubulointerstitial diseases is not known. Conversely, some diseases have multiple patterns of injury, thus might be placed in more than one category. The author has chosen to use a combination of pattern of injury and etiology when the latter has certain diagnostically distinctive gross or microscopic features.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Bibliography

General: Books and Book Chapters

  • Bonsib SM. Non-neoplastic disease of the kidney. In: Bostwick DG, Cheng L, editors. Urologic surgical pathology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier; 2008. p. 1–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Colvin RB. Diagnostic pathology: kidney diseases. Manitoba: Amirsys; 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Agati VD, Jennette JC, Silva FG. Non-neoplastic kidney diseases. Washington, D.C.: American Registry of Pathology; 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fogo AB, Kashgarian M. Diagnostic atlas of renal pathology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Sanders; 2012.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinniah R, Churg J, Sobin LH. Renal disease classification and atlas of infectious and tropical diseases. Chicago: American Society of Clinical Pathologists Press; 1988.

    Google Scholar 

Acute Tubular Injury

  • Cocco TJ, Klasner AE. Drug-induced rhabdomyolysis. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2004;16:206–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haas M, Spargo BH, Wit E-JC, Meehan SM. Etiologies and outcome of acute renal insufficiency in older adults: a renal biopsy study of 259 cases. Am J Kidney Dis. 2000;35:433–47.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hall AM, Hendry BM, Nitsch D, Connolly JO. Tenofovir-associated kidney toxicity in HIV-infected patients: a review of the literature. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011;57:773–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Herlitz LC, Mohan S, Stokes MB, et al. Tenofovir nephrotoxicity: acute tubular necrosis with distinctive clinical, pathological, and mitochondrial abnormalities. Kidney Int. 2010;78:1171–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kocovski L, Duflou J. Can renal acute tubular necrosis be differentiated from autolysis at autopsy? J Forensic Sci. 2009;54:439–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mehta RL, Chertow GM. Acute renal failure definitions and classification: a time for change? J Am Soc Nephrol. 2003;14:2178–87.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosen S, Stillman IE. Acute tubular necrosis is a syndrome of physiologic and pathologic dissociation. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;19:871–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Solez K, Morel-Maroger L, Sraer JD. The morphology of “acute tubular necrosis” in man: analysis of 57 renal biopsies and a comparison with the glycerol model. Medicine. 1979;58:362–76.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson PD, Clarkson P, Karas RH. Statin-associated myopathy. J Am Med Assoc. 2003;289:1681–90.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vanderholder R, Sever MS, Erek E, Lamiere N. Rhabdomyolysis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000;11:1553–61.

    Google Scholar 

Acute and Chronic Tubulointerstitial Nephritis

  • Abuelo JG. Renal failure caused by chemicals, foods, plants, animal venoms and misuse of drugs: an overview. Arch Intern Med. 1990;150:505–10.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bacchetta J, Dubourg L, Juillard L, Cochat P. Non-drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Pediatr Nephrol. 2009;24:2291–300.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bhandari S, Kalowski S, Collett P, et al. Karyomegalic nephropathy: an uncommon cause of progressive renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17:1914–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cheuk W, Chan JKC. IgG4-related sclerosing disease: a critical appraisal of an evolving clinicopathologic entity. Adv Anat Pathol. 2010;17:303–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper K, Bennett WM. Nephrotoxicity of common drugs used in clinical practice. Arch Intern Med. 1987;147:1213–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cornell LD. IgG4-related kidney disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2012;21:279–88.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cosyns J-P, Jadoul M, Squifflet J-P, et al. Chinese herbs nephropathy: a clue to Balkan endemic nephropathy. Kidney Int. 1994;45:1680–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Councilman WT. Acute interstitial nephritis. J Exp Med. 1898;3:393–418.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Debelle FD, Vanherweghem J-L, Nortier JL. Aristolochic acid nephropathy: a worldwide problem. Kidney Int. 2008;74:158–69.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • DeBroe ME. Chinese herbs nephropathy and Balkan endemic nephropathy: toward a single entity, aristolochic acid nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2012;81:513–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Depierreux M, Van Damme B, Vanden Houte K, Vanherweghem JL. Pathologic aspects of a newly described nephropathy related to the prolonged use of Chinese herbs. Am J Kidney Dis. 1994;24:172–80.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dixt MP, Scott KM, Bracamonte E, et al. Kimura disease with advanced renal damage with anti-tubular basement membrane antibody. Pediatr Nephrol. 2004;19:1404–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dobrin RS, Vernier RL, Fish AJ. Acute esoinophilic interstitial nephritis and renal failure with bone marrow-lymph node granulomas and anterior uveitis. Am J Med. 1975;59:325–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heptinstall RH. Interstitial nephritis: a brief review. Am J Pathol. 1976;83:214–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herlitz LC, Mohan S, Stokes MB. Tenofovir nephrotoxicity: acute tubular necrosis with distinctive clinical, pathological, and mitochondrial abnormalities. Kidney Int. 2010;78:1171–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jao W. Iatrogenic renal disease as revealed by renal biopsy. Semin Diagn Pathol. 1988;5:63–79.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kamblum N, Markowitz GS, Tanji N, et al. Idiopathic hypocomplementemic interstitial nephritis with extensive tubulointerstitial deposits. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;37:388–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laberke H-C, Bohle A. Acute interstitial nephritis: correlations between clinical and morphological findings. Clin Nephrol. 1980;14:263–73.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Luyckx VA, Naicker S. Acute kidney injury associated with the use of traditional medicines. Nat Clin Pract. 2008;4:664–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maripuri S, Grande JP, Osborn TG, et al. Renal involvement in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: a clinicopathologic study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;4:1423–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McCluskey RT. Immunologically mediated tubulointerstitial nephritis. Contemp Issues Nephrol. 1983;10:121–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihatsch MJ, Torhorst J, Steinmann E, et al. The morphologic diagnosis of analgesic (phenacetin) abuse. Pathol Res Pract. 1979;164:68–79.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Monga G, Banfi G, Salvadore M, et al. Karyomegalic interstitial nephritis: report of 3 new cases and review of the literature. Clin Nephrol. 2006;5:349–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paller MS. Drug-induced nephropathies. Med Clin North Am. 1990;74:909–17.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Park MH, D’Agati V, Appel GB, et al. Tubulointerstitial disease in lupus nephritis: relationship to immune deposits, interstitial inflammation, glomerular changes, renal function and prognosis. Nephron. 1986;44:309–19.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Paueksakon P, Revelo M, Lee SM, et al. Acute renal failure in a 64-year-old white man. Am J Kidney Dis. 2000;36:669–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ren H, Wang W-M, Chen X-N, et al. Renal involvement and followup of 130 patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome. J Rheumatol. 2008;35:278–84.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rossert J. Drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis. Kidney Int. 2001;6:804–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Skopouli FN. Kidney injury in Sjögren’s syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001;16 suppl 6suppl 6:63–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spoendlin M, Moch H, Brunner F, et al. Karyomegalic interstitial nephritis: further support for a distinct entity and evidence for a genetic defect. Am J Kidney Dis. 1995;25:242–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tay AHN, Ren E-C, Murugasu B, et al. Membranous nephropathy with anti-tubular basement membrane antibody may be X-linked. Pediatr Nephrol. 2000;14:747–53.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vadivel N, Trikudanathan S, Singh AK. Analgesic nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2007;72:517–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vaseemuddin M, Schwartz MM, Dunea G, Kraus MA. Idiopathic hypocomplementemic immune-complex-mediated tubulointerstitial nephritis. Nat Clin Pract. 2005;3:50–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watson SJW, Jenkins DAS, Bellamy COS. Nephropathy in IgG4-related systemic disease. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006;30:1472–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguchi Y, Kanetsuna Y, Honda K, et al. Characteristic tubulointerstitial nephritis in IgG4-related disease. Hum Pathol. 2012;43:536–49.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yang C-S, Lin C-H, Chang S-H, Hsu H-C. Rapidly progressive fibrosing interstitial nephritis associated with Chinese herbal drugs. Am J Kidney Dis. 2000;35:313–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Granulomatous Tubulointerstitial Nephritis

  • Bijol V, Mendez GP, Nosé V, Rennke HG. Granulomatous interstitial nephritis: a clinicopathologic study of 46 cases from a single institution. Int J Surg Pathol. 2006;14:57–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brause M, Magnusson K, Degenhardt S, et al. Renal involvement in sarcoid: a report of 6 cases. Clin Nephrol. 2002;57:142–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Casella FJ, Allon M. The kidney in sarcoidosis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1993;3:1555–62.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen MS. Granulomatous nephritis. Urol Clin North Am. 1986;13:6477–659.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dobyan DC, Truong LD, Eknoyan G. Renal malakoplakia revisited. Am J Kidney Dis. 1993;22:243–52.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Esparza AR, McKay DB, Cronan JJ, et al. Renal parenchymal malakoplakia: histologic spectrum and its relationship to megalocytic interstitial nephritis and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Am J Surg Pathol. 1989;13:225–36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farer LS, Lowell AM, Meador MP. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the United States. Am J Epidemiol. 1979;109:205–17.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann DS, Davis Jr CJ, Goldman ST, et al. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: sonographic-pathologic correlation of 16 cases. J Ultrasound Med. 1984;3:481.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jahnukainen T, Ala-Houhala M, Karikoski R, et al. Clinical outcome and occurrence of uveitis in children with idiopathic tubulointerstitial nephritis. Pediatr Nephrol. 2011;26:291–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Joss N, Morris S, Young B, Geddes C. Granulomatous interstitial nephritis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;2:222–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Magil AB. Drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis with granulomas. Hum Pathol. 1983;13:36–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malek RS, Elder JS. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: a clinical analysis of 26 cases and of the literature. J Urol. 1978;119:589.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Narayana AS. Overview of renal tuberculosis. Urology. 1982;19:231–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parsons MA, Harris SC, Longstaff AJ, et al. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: a pathological clinical and aetiologic analysis of 87 cases. Diagn Histopathol. 1983;6:203.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Viero RM, Cavallo T. Granulomatous interstitial nephritis. Hum Pathol. 1995;26:1347–53.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yanagihara T, Kitamura H, Aki K, et al. Serial renal biopsies in three girls with tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. 2009;24:1159–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Acute and Chronic Pyelonephritis

  • Arant Jr BS. Vesicoureteral reflux and renal injury. Am J Kidney Dis. 1991;17:491–511.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dillon MJ, Goonaskera CDA. Reflux nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998;9:2377–83.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Edelstein H, McCabe RE. Perinephric abscess: modern diagnosis and treatment in 47 cases. Medicine. 1988;67:118–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hodson CJ. Reflux nephropathy: a personal historical review. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1981;137:451–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klahr S. Obstructive nephropathy. Kidney Int. 1998;54:286–300.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Michigan S. Genitourinary fungal infections. J Urol. 1976;116:390–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ransley PG, Risdon RA. Renal papillary morphology in infants and children. Urol Res. 1975;3:111–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts JA. Pyelonephritis, cortical abscess and perinephric abscess. Urol Clin North Am. 1986;13:637–45.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shahatto N, al Awadhi NZ, Ghazali S. Emphysematous pyelonephritis: surgical Implications. Br J Urol. 1990;66:572–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sheinfeld J, Erturk E, Spataro RF, et al. Perinephric abscess: current concepts. J Urol. 1987;137:191–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shokeir AA, El-Azab M, Mohsen T, El-Diasty T. Emphysematous pyelonephritis: a 15 year experience with 20 cases. Urology. 1997;49:343–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wise GJ, Silver D. Fungal infections of the genitourinary system. J Urol. 1993;149:1377–88.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Viruses and Selected Other Infectious Etiologies

  • Asim M, Chong-Lopez A, Nickeleit V. Adenovirus infection of a renal allograft. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;41:696–701.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bracomonte E, Leca N, Smith KD, et al. Tubular basement membrane immune deposits in association with BK polyomavirus nephropathy. Am J Transplant. 2007;7:1552–60.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dharnidarka VR, Abdulnour HA, Araya CE. The BK virus in renal transplant recipients: review of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. Pediatr Nephrol. 2011;26:1763–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Drachenberg CB, Beskow CO, Cangro CB, et al. Human polyoma virus in renal biopsies: morphological findings and correlation with urine cytology. Hum Pathol. 1999;30:970–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fetterman GH, Sherman FE, Fabrizio NS, et al. Generalized cytomegalic inclusion disease. Arch Pathol. 1968;86:86–94.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ito M, Hirabayashi N, Uno Y, et al. Necrotizing tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with adenovirus infection. Hum Pathol. 1991;2:1225–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kotton CN, Fishman JA. Viral infections in the renal transplant recipient. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:1758–74.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liptak P, Kemeny E, Ivanyi B. Primer: histopathology of polyomavirus-associated nephropathy in renal allografts. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol. 2006;2:631–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nickeleit V, Hirsch HH, Binet IF, et al. Polyomavirus infection of renal allograft recipients: from latent infection to manifest disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999;10:1080–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Platt JL, Sibley RK, Michael AF. Interstitial nephritis associated with cytomegalovirus infection. Kidney Int. 1985;28:550–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosen S, Harmon W, Krensky AM, et al. Tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with polyomavirus (BK type) infection. N Engl J Med. 1983;308:1192–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Storsley L, Gibson IW. Adenovirus interstitial nephritis and rejection in an allograft. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;22:1423–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Monoclonal Light Chain–Associated Tubulointerstitial Diseases

  • El Hamel C, Thierry A, Trouillas P, et al. Crystal-storing histiocytosis with renal Fanconi syndrome: pathological and molecular characteristics compared with classical myeloma-associated Fanconi syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transpl. 2010;25:2982–90.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elliot MR, Cortese C, Moreno-Aspitia A, Dwyer JP. Plasma cell dyscrasia causing light chain tubulopathy without Fanconi syndrome. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010;55:1136–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gu X, Barrios R, Cartwright J, et al. Light chain crystal deposition as a manifestation of plasma cell dyscrasias: the role of immunoelectron microscopy. Hum Pathol. 2003;34:270–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keller LS, Faull RJ, Smith P, et al. Crystalloid deposits in the kidney. Nephrology. 2005;10:81–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Korbet SM, Schwartz MM. Multiple myeloma. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17:2533–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kurita N, Tanaka M, Tnanaka S, et al. Glomerular capillary light chain thrombi in multiple myeloma. Kidney Int. 2011;80:1378.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Larsen CP, Bell JM, Harris AA, et al. The morphologic spectrum and clinical significance of light chain proximal tubulopathy with and without crystal formation. Mod Pathol. 2011;24:1462–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sethi S, Cuiffo BP, Pinkus GS, Rennke HG. Crystal-storing histiocytosis involving the kidney in a low grade B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39:183–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Start DA, Silva FG, Davis LD, et al. Myeloma cast nephropathy: immunohistochemical and lectin studies. Mod Pathol. 1988;1:336–47.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Winearls CG. Acute myeloma kidney. Kidney Int. 1995;48:1347–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lymphoproliferative Disorders

  • Brouland JP, Meeus F, Rossert J, et al. Primary bilateral B-cell renal lymphoma: a case report and review of the literature. Am J Kidney Dis. 1994;24:586–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ferry JA, Harris NL, Papanicolaou N, Young RH. Lymphoma of the kidney: a report of 11 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1995;19:134–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shanknovich R, Francois DJ, Cattoretti G, et al. A rare cause of nephrotic syndrome. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39:892–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Crystal- and Pigment-Associated Tubulointerstitial Diseases

  • Adler S, Weening J. A case of acute renal failure. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;1:158–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Aikhunaizi AM, Chan L. Secondary oxalosis: a cause of delayed renal function in the setting of acute renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1996;11:2320–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Batuman V. Lead nephropathy, gout and hypertension. Am J Med Sci. 1993;305:241–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beck LH. Requiem for gouty nephropathy. Kidney Int. 1986;30:280–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bonsib SM, Horvath Jr F. Multinucleated podocytes in a child with nephrotic syndrome and Fanconi’s syndrome: a unique clue to the diagnosis. Am J Kidney Dis. 1999;34:966–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boss GR, Seegmiller JE. Hyperuricemia and gout. N Engl J Med. 1979;300:1459–68.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cameron JS, Moro R, Smmonds HA. Gout, uric acid and purine metabolism in pediatric nephrology. Pediatr Nephrol. 1993;7:105–18.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cartery C, Faguer S, Karras A. Oxalate nephropathy with chronic pancreatitis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;6:1895–902.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen H, Liu Z, Li L. Acute renal failure and anemia. Kidney Int. 2008;73:895–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cochat P. Primary hyperoxaluria type 1. Kidney Int. 1999;55:2533–47.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Drenik EJ, Stanley TM, Border WA, et al. Renal damage with intestinal bypass. Ann Intern Med. 1978;89:594–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foreman JW. Cystinosis. Semin Nephrol. 1989;9:62–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haggitt RC, Pitcock JA. Renal medullary calcifications: a light and electron microscopic study. J Urol. 1971;106:342–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harambat J, Fargue S, Acquaviva C, et al. Genotype-phenotype correlation in primary hyperoxaluria type 1: the p.Gly170Arg AGXT mutation is associated with a better prognosis. Kidney Int. 2010;77:443–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Herlitz LC, D’Agati VD, Markowitz GS. Crystalline nephropathies. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2012;136:713–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hollenberg NK, McDonald FD, Cotran R. Irreversible acute oliguric renal failure: a complication of methoxyflurane anesthesia. N Engl J Med. 1972;296:877–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoppe B, Beck BB, Milliner DS. The primary hyperoxalurias. Kidney Int. 2009;75:1264–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ibels LS, Alfrey AC, Huffer WE, et al. Calcifications in end stage kidneys. Am J Med. 1981;71:33–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kraut JA, Kurtz I. Toxic alcohol ingestions: clinical features, diagnosis, and management. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:208–25.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kummeling MTM, de Jong BWD, Laffeber C, et al. Tubular and interstitial nephrocalcinosis. J Urol. 2007;178:1097–103.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Linnane JW, Burry AF, Emmerson BT. Urate deposits in the renal medulla: prevalence and association. Nephron. 1981;29:216–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Markowitz GS, Stokes MB, Radhakrishnan J, D’Agati VD. Acute phosphate nephropathy following oral sodium phosphate bowel purge: an unrecognized cause of chronic renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:3389–96.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nakagawa T, Kang D-H, Fieg D, et al. Unearthing uric acid: an ancient factor with recently found significance in renal and cardiovascular disease. Kidney Int. 2006;69:1722–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nasr SH, Sethi S, Cornell LD, et al. Crystalline nephropathy due to 2,8 dihydroxyadeninuria: an under-recognized cause of irreversible renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25:1909–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parasuraman R, Venkat KK. Crystal-induced kidney disease in 2 kidney transplant recipients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010;55:192–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Perazella MA. Crystal-induced acute renal failure. Am J Med. 1999;106:459–65.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Perazella MA, Markowitz GS. Bisphosphonate nephrotoxicity. Kidney Int. 2008;74:1385–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prien Sr EL. The riddle of Randall’s plaques. J Urol. 1975;114:500–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Randall A. Papillary pathology as a precursor of primary renal calculus. J Urol. 1940;44:580–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rokus AK, Waikar SS, Alexander MP, et al. Acute phosphate nephrotoxicity. Kidney Int. 2008;75:987–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Said SM, Nasr SH, Samsa R, et al. Nephrotoxicity of antiviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. Kidney Int. 2007;71:1071–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salzer WR, Keren D. Oxalosis as a complication of chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 1973;4:61–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schell-Feith EA, Kist-van Holthe JE. Nephrocalcinosis in preterm neonates. Pediatr Nephrol. 2010;25:221–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Servais A, Moriniere V, Grunfeld J-P, et al. Late-onset nephropathic cystinosis: clinical presentation, outcome, and genotyping. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:27–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steele TH. Hyperuricemic nephropathies. Nephron. 1999;81 suppl 1suppl 1:45–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stokes MB, Jernigan S, D’Agati VD. Infantile nephropathic cystinosis. Kidney Int. 2007;73:782–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Talbot JH, Terplan KL. The kidney in gout. Medicine. 1960;39:405–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taranta A, Wilmer MJ, van den Heuval LP, et al. Analysis of CNTS gene transcripts in nephropathic cystinosis. Pediatr Nephrol. 2010;25:1263–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wilmer MJ, Schoeber JP, van den Heuval LP, Levetchenko EN. Cystinosis: practical tools for diagnosis and treatment. Pediatr Nephrol. 2011;26:205–15.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bonsib, S.M. (2013). Tubulointerstitial Diseases. In: Atlas of Medical Renal Pathology. Atlas of Anatomic Pathology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7150-9_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7150-9_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-7149-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-7150-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics