Skip to main content

Forest Sustainability and Social Policy: The Role of Ecosystem Services

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

Ecosystem services are considered as a foundation for the integration of environmental and social policies to provide certain economic incentives and alternatives to tackle existing environmental and social problems. This chapter specifically addresses the potential of integrated social and environmental policies to provide benefits from sustainable land use and management – forestry in particular. A brief assessment of existing global policy frameworks on sustainable forest management is presented focusing on how well they integrate ecosystem services to promote environmentally and socially sound policy development and practices. We reflect on problems occurring from the lack of integrated policies and incentives to promote sustainable land use and management, highlighting such negative outcomes as forest degradation, causing various social and economic problems, such as overexploitation of natural resources, starvation, migration, and unemployment. Insights are shared from an examination of how current practices and case studies such as REDD and PES address the issues of sustainability and sustainable development.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abolina E (2009) Annotated bibliography. In: Forest Degradation: Annotated Bibliography and Analysis of the Material. FAO Technical meeting on Forest Degradation, 8 Sept 2009–10 Sept 2009, Rome. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome. Documents and Presentations: T04. Web resource: http://www.fao.org/forestry/cpf/forestdegradation/64443/en/. Cited Sept 2010

  • Abramovitz JN (1997) Valuing nature’s services: state of the world 1997. Worldwatch Institute Report on progress toward a sustainable society. W.W.Norton, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Acharya KP, Dangi RB (2009) Case studies on measuring and assessing forest degradation: forest degradation in Nepal: review of data and methods. Forest Resources Assessment Working Paper: 163. FAO, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Baldauf T, Plugge D, Rqibate A, Kohl M (2009) Case studies on measuring and assessing forest degradation: monitoring degradation in the scope of REDD. Forest Resource Assessment Working Paper: 162. FAO, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennett EM, Peterson GD, Gordon LJ (2009) Understanding relationships among multiple ecosystem services. Ecol Lett 12(12):1394–1404

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brundtland GH, World Commission on Environment and Development (1987) Our common future. UN Documents Cooperation Circles, Nairobi

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter SR, DeFries R, Dietz T, Mooney HA, Polasky S, Reid WV et al (2006) Millennium ecosystem assessment: research needs. Science 314(5797):257–258

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Constanza R, Folke C (1997) Valuing ecosystem services with efficiency, fairness, and sustainability as goals. In: Daily G (ed) Nature’s Services: societal dependence on natural ecosystems. Island Press, Washington, DC, pp 49–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Costanza R, Daly HE (1992) Natural capital and sustainable development. Conserv Biol 6(1):37–46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Daily GC (1997) Nature’s services :societal dependence on natural ecosystems. Island Press, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Dasgupta S, Hamilton K, Pagiola S, Wheeler D (2008) Environmental economics at the world bank. Rev Environ Econ Policy 2(1):4–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Engel S, Pagiola S, Wunder S (2008) Designing payments for environmental services in theory and practice: an overview of the issues. Ecol Econ 65(4):663–674

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • FAO, IPCC, CIFOR, IUFRO, UNEP, WMO (2002) Proceedings: second expert meeting on harmonizing forest-related definitions for use by various stakeholders, Rome, 11–13 Sept 2002. FAO, Rome. Documents. Web resource: http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/y4171e/y4171e00.htm. Cited Sept 2010

  • Farber SC, Costanza R, Wilson MA (2002) Economic and ecological concepts for valuing ecosystem services. Ecol Econ 41(3):375–392

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farber S, Costanza R, Childers DL, Erickson J, Gross K, Grove M et al (2006) Linking ecology and economics for ecosystem management. Bioscience 56(2):121–133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Folke C, Carpenter S, Elmqvist T, Gunderson L, Holling CS, Walker B (2002) Resilience and sustainable development: building adaptive capacity in a world of transformations. Ambio 31(5):437–440

    Google Scholar 

  • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [FAO] (2000) Global forest resources assessment 2005. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [FAO] (2005) Global forest resources assessment 2005. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Food and Agriculture Organization [FAO] (2009) Measuring forest degradation. Informative brochure by Food and Agriculture Organization. Web resource. http://www.fao.org/­forestry/17960-1-0.pdf. Cited Sept 2010

  • Food and Agriculture Organization [FAO], United Nations Development Programme [UNDP], United Nations Environment Programme [UNEP] (2008) Framework document: UN Collaborative Program on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries (UN-REDD). United Nations, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Funston M (1995) Sustainable forest management. USDA Forest Service, Sustainable Development Interdeputy Area Team Discussion Paper No. 2, May

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs HK, Brown S, Niles JO, Foley JA (2007) Monitoring and estimating tropical forest carbon stocks: making REDD a reality. Environ Res Lett 2(4)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray GJ, Enzer MJ, Kusel J (2001) Understanding community-based forest ecosystem management: an editorial synthesis. J Sustain For 12(3–4):1–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hammod D (2003) The science of synthesis: exploring the social implications of general systems theory. University Press of Colorado, Boulder

    Google Scholar 

  • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC] (2001) Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In: Houghton JT, Ding Y, Griggs DJ, Noguer M, van der Linden PJ, Dai X, Maskell K, Johnson CA (eds) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge/New York, 881 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Joshi M, Singh PP (2003) Applying natural resource economics to forest degradation: lessons from India. XII World Forestry Congress WFC, Québec, Canada, 21–28 Sept 2003

    Google Scholar 

  • Lanly JP (2003) Deforestation and forest degradation factors. Original unedited version of a paper submitted to the XII World Forestry Congress, 2003. World Forestry Congress, Québec City

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu J, Dietz T, Carpenter SR, Alberti M, Folke C, Moran E et al (2007) Complexity of coupled human and natural systems. Science 317(5844):1513–1516

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lund H. Gyde (2009) What is a degraded forest? White paper prepared for FAO. Forest Information Services, Gainesville. Web resource: http://home.comcast.net/~gyde/2009forest_degrade.doc. Cited Sept 2010

  • Madeira ECM (2008) Policies to reduce emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD) in developing countries: an examination of the issues facing the incorporation of REDD into market-base climate policies. Resources for the Future 84

    Google Scholar 

  • Meadows DH, Wright D (2008) Thinking in systems: a primer. Chelsea Green, White River Junction

    Google Scholar 

  • Meadows DH, Randers J, Meadows DL (2004) The limits to growth: the 30-year update. Chelsea Green, White River Junction

    Google Scholar 

  • Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2003) Ecosystems and human well-being: a framework for assessment. Island Press, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005a) Ecosystems and human well-being: synthesis. Island Press, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005b) Ecosystems and human well-being: current state and trends. Island Press, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Murdiyarso D, Skutsch M, Guariguata M, Kanninen M, Luttrell C, Verweij P, Stella O (2008) Measuring and monitoring forest degradation for REDD: implications of country circumstances. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). Infobrief: 16

    Google Scholar 

  • Nasi R, Wunder S, Campos JJ (2002) Forest ecosystem services: can they pay our way out of deforestation? A discussion paper prepared for the GEF for the Forestry Roundtable to be held in conjunction with the UNFF II, Costa Rica on March 11, 2002. CIFOR for the Global Environmental Facility (GEF), Bogor, Indonesia, 33p

    Google Scholar 

  • National Research Council [NRC] (2005) Valuing ecosystem services: toward better ­environmental decision-making. National Academic Press, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Noble IR, Dirzo R (1997) Forests as human-dominated ecosystems. Science 277(5325):522–525

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Norgaard RB (1994) Development betrayed: the end of progress and a coevolutionary revisioning of the future. Routledge, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Norgaard RB (2010) Ecosystem services: from eye-opening metaphor to complexity blinder. Ecol Econ 69(6):1219–1227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Odum HT (2007) Environment, power, and society for the twenty-first century: the hierarchy of energy. Columbia University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Pagiola S (2008) Payments for environmental services in Costa Rica. Ecol Econ 65(4):712–724

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pagiola S, Bishop J, Landell-Mills N (2002) Selling forest environmental services: market-based mechanisms for conservation and development. Earthscan, London/Sterling

    Google Scholar 

  • Pagiola S, Arcenas A, Platais G (2005) Can payments for environmental services help reduce poverty? An exploration of the issues and the evidence to date from Latin America. World Dev 33(2):237–253 (Special issue)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rapport DJ, Costanza R, McMichael AJ (1998) Assessing ecosystem health. Trends Ecol Evol 13(10):397–402

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simula M (2009) Towards defining forest degradation: comparative analysis of existing definitions. Forest Resource Assessment (FRA) Working Paper: 154. FAO, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Sitarz D (1993) AGENDA 21: the earth summit strategy to save our planet. EarthPress, Boulder

    Google Scholar 

  • Skutsch MM, McCall MK, Karky B, Zahabu E, Peters-Guarin G (2009) Case studies on measuring and assessing forest degradation: community measurement of carbon stock change for REDD. Forest Resource Assessment Working Paper: 156. FAO, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations [UN] (1997) Earth summit: United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), Rio de Janeiro, 3–14 June 1992. United Nations. Department of Public Information. Web resource: http://www.un.org/geninfo/bp/enviro.html. Cited Sept 2010

  • United Nations Environment Programme [UNEP] (2009) Year book: new science and developments in our changing environment. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations General Assembly [UN] (1992) Report of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de Janeiro, 3–14 June 1992, vol. III, Non-legally binding authoritative statement of principles for a global consensus on the management, conservation and sustainable development of all types of forests, annex III (A/CONF.151/26 (Vol. III))

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations General Assembly [UN] (2000) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly [without reference to a Main Committee (A/55/L.2)]. United Nations Millennium Declaration. (A/RES/55/2)

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations General Assembly [UN] (2008) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly [on the report of the Second Committee (A/62/419 (Part I))] 62/98. Non-legally binding instrument on all types of forests (A/RES/62/98)

    Google Scholar 

  • von Bertalanffy L (1968/1969) General system theory; foundations, development, applications. G. Braziller, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization [WHO] (2005) Ecosystems and human well-being: health synthesis: a report of the millennium ecosystem assessment. WHO Press, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Worldwatch Institute (2009) State of the world: into a warming world. Annual Report. The Worldwatch Institute, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Wunder S (2005) Payments for environmental services: Some nuts and bolts. Occasional Paper No.42. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor

    Google Scholar 

  • Ykhanbai H (2009) Case studies on measuring and assessing forest degradation: forest resources degradation accounting in Mongolia. Forest Resources Assessment Working Paper: 176. FAO, Rome

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Evisa Abolina .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Abolina, E., Luzadis, V.A. (2013). Forest Sustainability and Social Policy: The Role of Ecosystem Services. In: Wallimann, I. (eds) Environmental Policy is Social Policy – Social Policy is Environmental Policy. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6723-6_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics