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Regulation of YAP and TAZ Transcription Co-activators

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The Hippo Signaling Pathway and Cancer

Abstract

The Yes-associated protein (YAP) and WW domain-containing ­transcrip­tion regulator 1 (WWTR1, also known as TAZ) are two transcription co-activators that act downstream of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway. YAP/TAZ regulate expression of a large number of genes that are important in controlling organ size, tumorigenesis, and stem cell functions. The activity of YAP/TAZ is mainly inhibited by Lats kinases of the Hippo pathway. Upon phosphorylation by Lats kinases, YAP/TAZ are sequestered in the cytoplasm and undergo ubiquitination-mediated degradation. YAP/TAZ are also inhibited by interaction with cell junction proteins including angiomotin and α-catenin. Moreover, as transcription co-activators, YAP/TAZ need to associate with DNA-binding proteins such as TEAD family transcription factors to induce gene expression. Hence, the activity and specificity of YAP/TAZ in gene expression is also dependent on their nuclear partners.

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Acknowledgments

We apologize for being unable to cite some primary work due to space limitations. We would like to thank Jenna Jewell and Jessica Zhou for critical reading of this manuscript. This work was supported by grants from NIH and CIRM to K.-L.G.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA

    Fa-Xing Yu & Kun-Liang Guan

  2. Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China

    Bin Zhao

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  1. Fa-Xing Yu
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  2. Bin Zhao
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  3. Kun-Liang Guan
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Correspondence to Kun-Liang Guan .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Herzl St. 234, Rehovot, 76100, Israel

    Moshe Oren

  2. , Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Herzl St. 234, Rehovot, 76100, Israel

    Yael Aylon

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Yu, FX., Zhao, B., Guan, KL. (2013). Regulation of YAP and TAZ Transcription Co-activators. In: Oren, M., Aylon, Y. (eds) The Hippo Signaling Pathway and Cancer. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6220-0_5

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