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Heart Valves pp 159–185Cite as

Advanced 3D Imaging and Transcatheter Valve Repair/Implantation

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Abstract

In selected patient populations with valvular heart disease, minimally invasive surgical and transcatheter procedures are becoming an alternative to standard open surgical approaches. Because these procedures are characterized by limited or no direct exposure of the operative field, pre-procedural planning and intraoperative decision making rely heavily on image guidance.

Standard two-dimensional imaging with conventional angiography and echocardiography is integral part of the procedures, and novel three-dimensional (3D) imaging approaches are increasingly used for pre- and intraoperative visualization. Pre-procedural 3D imaging provides detailed understanding of the operative field for surgical/interventional planning, while subsequent integration of imaging during the procedure allows real-time guidance. These images are also used as inputs to computational modeling, which is fundamental to device design.

This chapter describes the role of advanced imaging for interventional guidance of valvular procedures and their input to computational models, based on the emerging experience with computed tomography and other modalities allowing 3D imaging, including C-arm computed tomography, echocardiography, and magnetic resonance imaging.

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Abbreviations

2D:

Two-dimensional

3D:

Three-dimensional

CS:

Coronary sinus

CT:

Computed tomography

LCX:

Left circumflex artery

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

TAVI:

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation

TEE:

Transesophageal echocardiography

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Imaging Institute and Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western University, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk J1-4, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA

    Paul Schoenhagen MD

  2. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, North Shore Hospital, Shakespeare Road, Takapuna, Auckland, 0740, New Zealand

    Andrew C. Y. To MBChB, FRACP

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  1. Paul Schoenhagen MD
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  2. Andrew C. Y. To MBChB, FRACP
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Correspondence to Paul Schoenhagen MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Mail Code 195, University of Minnesota, Delaware St. SE., 420, MINNEAPOLIS, 55455, Minnesota, USA

    Paul A. Iaizzo

  2. University of Minnesota, DELAWARE ST SE MMC 195 420, MINNEAPOLIS, 55455, Minnesota, USA

    Richard W. Bianco

  3. University of Minnesota, Department of Surgery, Medtronic, Inc., N/A, Minneapolis, 55432, Minnesota, USA

    Alexander J. Hill

  4. University of Minnesota, N/A, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota, USA

    James D. St. Louis

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Schoenhagen, P., To, A.C.Y. (2013). Advanced 3D Imaging and Transcatheter Valve Repair/Implantation. In: Iaizzo, P., Bianco, R., Hill, A., St. Louis, J. (eds) Heart Valves. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6144-9_7

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