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Cardiac Remodeling pp 313–330Cite as

Negative Regulators of Inflammation as Endogenous Protective Mechanisms in Postinfarction Remodeling

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Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ((ABHD,volume 5))

Abstract

Myocardial infarction triggers an intense inflammatory reaction that serves to clear the wound from dead cells and matrix debris while promoting cardiac repair and formation of a scar. Dysregulated inflammation following cardiac injury has adverse consequences on the reparative response enhancing dilative remodeling and causing contractile dysfunction. Inhibitory molecular signals and suppressive pathways that prevent excessive or uncontrolled inflammation are activated in the infarcted myocardium and may protect from the development of adverse remodeling. This chapter discusses the cellular effectors and molecular signals responsible for suppression and containment of the postinfarction inflammatory response. Neutrophils, monocytes/macrophage, and lymphocyte subpopulations with suppressive properties, dendritic cells, vascular cells, fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix proteins contribute to inhibition of the inflammatory signals by producing soluble suppressive mediators (such as transforming growth factor-β, interleukin-10, and lipid-derived mediators) and through activation of intracellular inhibitory signals. We propose that dilative remodeling in patients with myocardial infarction may reflect impairment of suppressive anti-inflammatory pathways. Selective inhibition of inflammatory mediators in patient subpopulations with overactive postinfarction inflammation may protect from the development of heart failure.

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Acknowledgments

The Frangogiannis’ laboratory is supported by R01 HL76246, R01HL85440, the Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, and the Edmond J. Safra/Republic National Bank of New York Chair in Cardiovascular Medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue Forchheimer G46B, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA

    Amit Saxena & Nikolaos G. Frangogiannis

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  1. Amit Saxena
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  2. Nikolaos G. Frangogiannis
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Correspondence to Nikolaos G. Frangogiannis .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Walter MacKenzie Health Sciences Centre, Division of Cardiology, University of Alberta, 8440-112 Street, Edmonton, T6G 2B7, Alberta, Canada

    Bodh I. Jugdutt

  2. St. Boniface General Hospital Research C, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Tache Avenue 351, Winnipeg, R2H 2A6, Manitoba, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Saxena, A., Frangogiannis, N.G. (2013). Negative Regulators of Inflammation as Endogenous Protective Mechanisms in Postinfarction Remodeling. In: Jugdutt, B., Dhalla, N. (eds) Cardiac Remodeling. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 5. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5930-9_18

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