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Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Angiogenesis in Ischemic Heart Disease

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Biochemical Basis and Therapeutic Implications of Angiogenesis

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ((ABHD,volume 6))

Abstract

Acute myocardial infarction is one of the most important causes of death and disability worldwide. The limited capacity of the adult heart to self-regenerate and revascularize the ischemic damaged tissue leads to tissue loss, ventricular remodeling, and persistent deterioration in cardiac performance increasing the frequency of heart failure. Over the last several years, adult stem cells have appeared as one of the novel promising therapeutic approaches for the treatment of ischemic heart disease. However, the quest for the best cell type is still ongoing. This ideal cell type should be capable of differentiating into functional cardiomyocytes and of forming new vessels to nourish the damaged area. Recent studies have shown that adipose tissue contains multipotent stem cells (the so-called adipose tissue-derived stem cells or ASC) that are capable of regenerating injured myocardium by differentiating into cardiac resident cells or by secreting multiple angiogenic growth factors (paracrine effects). Moreover, due to ease of harvesting these cells in large numbers and low immunogenicity, white adipose tissue has become an attractive stem cell source. In this chapter, we review the principal characteristics of ASC as well as their capacity to repair cardiac damage in the setting of ischemic heart disease as compared with other adult stem cells, with special attention to their pro-­angiogenic mechanisms of action.

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Acknowledgements 

This work was supported by grants TERCEL, SAF 2010-16549, CIBEROBN CB06/03 and by the ENCITE (European Network for Cell Imaging and Tracking Expertise) project Cooperation Health-2007-1.2-4 In Vivo Image-guidance for Cell Therapy, Large-scale Integrating Project (to LB). We thank Fundacion Jesus Serra-FIC, Barcelona, for their continuous support. BO is a recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, and GV is a recipient of a contract from the Innovation and Science Spanish Ministry (RyC-2009-5495).

Disclosure No competing financial interests exist.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, c/Sant Antoni MªClaret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain

    Lina Badimon (Cardiovascular Research Chair), Blanca Oñate & Gemma Vilahur

  2. CIBEROBN-Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, Barcelona, Spain

    Lina Badimon (Cardiovascular Research Chair), Blanca Oñate & Gemma Vilahur

  3. UAB, Barcelona, Spain

    Lina Badimon (Cardiovascular Research Chair)

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  1. Lina Badimon
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  2. Blanca Oñate
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  3. Gemma Vilahur
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Correspondence to Lina Badimon .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Div. of Cardiovascular Medicine, UAMS, Little Rock, AR, USA, 4301 W Markham, Little Rock, 72205, Arkansas, USA

    Jawahar L. Mehta

  2. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hosp. Research, Univ. of Ma, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, R2H 2A6, Manitoba, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Badimon, L., Oñate, B., Vilahur, G. (2013). Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Angiogenesis in Ischemic Heart Disease. In: Mehta, J., Dhalla, N. (eds) Biochemical Basis and Therapeutic Implications of Angiogenesis. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 6. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5857-9_16

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