Abstract
In addition to regenerative properties, the immunoregulatory properties of MSC have been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro. Because of the low expression of MHC class II and co-stimulatory molecules, they are immunoprivileged cells. MSC can modulate the function of immune cells with different pathways of the immune response by means of direct cell-to-cell interactions and soluble factor secretions. They display immunosuppressive effects in a number of situations. In vitro, MSC inhibit cell proliferation of T cells, B-cells, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells. The immunomodulatory effect of MSC is mediated by a nonspecific anti-proliferative action of these cells, and it is dependent on cell-to-cell contact or secreted soluble factors such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), prostaglandin E2, nitric oxide (NO), HLA-G, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, interferon (IFN)-γ, and interleukin (IL)-1β (Nasef et al. 2008; Shi et al. 2011; De Miguel et al. 2012).
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Yildirim, S. (2013). Immunomodulatory Effects of DPSC. In: Dental Pulp Stem Cells. SpringerBriefs in Stem Cells. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5687-2_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5687-2_8
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