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Mitigating the Risk of Immunogenicity in the Pursuit of Induced Pluripotency

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The Immunological Barriers to Regenerative Medicine

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

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Abstract

The advent of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells represents a significant milestone in the field of regenerative medicine. While the first derivation of human embryonic stem (hES) cells 8 years earlier, had made pluripotency accessible in vitro for the first time, iPS cells offered the elixir of personalised pluripotency by facilitating the generation of autologous lines, tailored to the needs of the individual. Importantly, an autologous source of iPS cells promised to circumvent the immunological barriers that have threatened to undermine the translation of cell therapies to the clinic. Nevertheless, quite apart from the practical and economic constraints of personalised medicines that may prohibit their widespread implementation, recent studies have questioned whether tissues derived from iPS cells in an autologous fashion will be ignored by the immune system of the recipient. Indeed, the up-regulation of developmental antigens upon reprogramming and their persistent expression during differentiation may render such tissues vulnerable to rejection. Here, we assess the likely impact that such findings will have on the clinical application of induced pluripotency.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Tim Davies, Simon Hackett, Alison Leishman and Patty Sachamitr for helpful discussions. Work in the authors’ laboratory on the immunology of stem cell transplantation has been supported by Grant G0802538 from the Medical Research Council (UK) and seed funding from the Oxford Stem Cell Institute.

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  1. University of Oxford, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK

    Paul J. Fairchild & Naoki Ichiryu

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  1. Paul J. Fairchild
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  2. Naoki Ichiryu
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Correspondence to Paul J. Fairchild .

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    Paul J. Fairchild

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Fairchild, P.J., Ichiryu, N. (2013). Mitigating the Risk of Immunogenicity in the Pursuit of Induced Pluripotency . In: Fairchild, P. (eds) The Immunological Barriers to Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5480-9_5

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