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Mucositis

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Pathobiology of Cancer Regimen-Related Toxicities

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Abstract

Alimentary tract (AT) mucositis is a serious and debilitating side effect of cancer therapy, primarily characterised by damage to the mucous membranes throughout the AT, and associated with mouth ulcers and pain, vomiting, diarrhoea, rectal bleeding and abdominal cramps to name a few. Considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the biological basis for mucositis, and the ­understanding of pathobiology continues to evolve. In recent years, the biggest advance has come from the 5-phase model of mucositis development. The main pathobiological features of mucositis include changes to tissue structure, and surface area, microbiome changes and inflammation. With a better understanding of mucositis pathogenesis, the focus of more recent research is shifting to targeted therapy-induced toxicity, toxicity clustering and the investigation of genetic polymorphisms in toxicity prediction. The ultimate goal of mucositis researchers is to identify the most appropriate targets for therapeutic interventions and to be able to predict toxicity risk and personalise interventions to genetically suitable patients. Continuing research efforts are needed to further our understanding of mucositis pathobiology and the pharmacogenomics of toxicity. This book chapter will update our understanding of the recent concepts of mucositis pathogenesis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia

    Noor Al-Dasooqi

  2. University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

    Dorothy M. Keefe (Adjunct Professor)

  3. Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia

    Dorothy M. Keefe

  4. Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Stephen T. Sonis

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  1. Noor Al-Dasooqi
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  2. Dorothy M. Keefe
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  3. Dorothy M. Keefe
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  4. Stephen T. Sonis
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Correspondence to Noor Al-Dasooqi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Francis Street 75, Boston, 01778, Massachusetts, USA

    Stephen T. Sonis

  2. Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, South Australia, Australia

    Dorothy M. Keefe

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Al-Dasooqi, N., Keefe, D.M., Keefe, D.M., Sonis, S.T. (2013). Mucositis. In: Sonis, S., Keefe, D. (eds) Pathobiology of Cancer Regimen-Related Toxicities. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5438-0_7

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