Abstract
The use of microsurgical techniques for noninfertility urologic surgery is growing. Urologic literature published over the past three decades describes the use of microsurgery for a variety of penile, scrotal, and upper urinary tract reconstructive procedures, testicular autotransplantation for cryptorchidism, testis-sparing surgery for testis tumors, spermatic cord denervation for chronic pain, as well as routine urologic procedures such as hernia repair, hydrocelectomy, spermatocelectomy. In the hands of skilled microsurgeons, superior outcomes have been reported following these procedures. With further improvements in microsurgical technology, and training of dedicated microsurgeons, the role for microsurgery will only continue to grow.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Silber JS. Microsurgery in clinical urology. Urology. 1975;6(2):150–3.
Owen ER. Microsurgical vasovasostomy. A reliable vasectomy reversal. Aust N Z J Surg. 1977;47(3):305–9.
Melman A, Riccardi R. The success of microsurgical penile revascularization in treating arteriogenic impotence. Int J Impot Res. 1993;5(1):47–52.
Janssen T, Sarramon JP, et al. Microsurgical arterio-arterial and arterio-venous penile revascularization in patients with pure arteriogenic impotence. Br J Urol. 1994;73(5):561–5.
Nelson AK, Wessells H, Friedrich JB. Review of microsurgical posterior urethral reconstruction. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2011;27(3):179–86.
Shapiro SR. Hypospadias repair: optical magnification versus Zeiss reconstruction microscope. Urology. 1989;33(1):43–6.
Bukowski TP, Wacksman J, et al. Testicular autotransplantation for the intra-abdominal testis. Microsurgery. 1995;16:290–5.
Heidenreich A, Weissbach L, et al. Organ sparing surgery for malignant germ cell tumor of the testis. J Urol. 2001;166:2161–5.
Hopps CV, Goldstein M. Ultrasound guided needle localization and microsurgical exploration for incidental non-palpable testicular tumors. J Urol. 2002;168:1084–7.
Rolle L, Tamagnone A, et al. Microsurgical “testis-sparing” surgery for nonpalpable hypoechoic testicular lesions. Urology. 2006;68:381–5.
Brannen GE, Bush WH, et al. Microvascular management of multiple renal injuries in transplantation. J Urol. 1982;128:112–5.
Oesterwitz H, Metz L, Weber H. Microsurgical end-to-end anastomosis in ureteral injuries. Eur Urol. 1988;14(3):251–2.
Oesterwitz H, Bick C, et al. Reconstructive microsurgery of the upper urinary tract. Int Urol Nephrol. 1988;20(5):453–9.
Ponig BF. Microsurgical ureteroureterostomy in ureteral injuries. J Urol. 1982;128(3):594–5.
Tanrikut C, Goldstein M. Varicocele repair for the treatment of androgen deficiency. Curr Opin Urol. 2010;20:500–2.
Zohdy W, Ghazi S, Arafa M. Impact of varicocelectomy on gonadal and erectile functions in men with hypogonadism and infertility. J Sex Med. 2011;8:885–93.
Strom KH, Levine LA. Microsurgical denervation of the spermatic cord for chronic orchalgia: long-term results from a single center. J Urol. 2008;180:949–53.
Costabile RA, Hahn M, McLeod DG. Chronic orchalgia in the pain prone patient: the clinical perspective. J Urol. 1991;146:1571–4.
Heidenreich A, Olbert P, Engelmann UH. Management of chronic testalgia by microsurgical testicular denervation. Eur Urol. 2002;41(4):392–7.
Devine CJ, Schellhammer PF. The use of microsurgical denervation of the spermatic cord for orchalgia. Trans Am Assoc Genitourin Surg. 1978;70:149–51.
Hopps CV, Goldstein M. Microsurgical reconstruction of iatrogenic injuries to the epididymis from hydroceletomy. J Urol. 2006;176:2077–80.
Zahalsky MP, Berman AJ, Nagler HM. Evaluating the risk of epididymal injury during hydroceletomy and spermatocelectomy. J Urol. 2004;171(6 Pt 1):2291–2.
Kauffman EC, Kim HH, et al. Microsurgical spermatocelectomy: technique and outcomes of a novel surgical approach. J Urol. 2011;185:238–42.
Sheynkin YR, Hendin B, et al. Microsurgical repair of iatrogenic injury to the vas deferens. J Urol. 1998;159:139–41.
Mukenge SM, Pulitano C, et al. Secondary scrotal lymphedema: a novel microsurgical approach. Microsurgery. 2007;27:655–6.
Huang GK, Hu RQ, et al. Microlymphaticovenous anastomosis for treating lymphedema of the extremities and external genitalia. J Microsurg. 1981;3(1):32–9.
Huang GK, Hu RQ, Liu ZZ. Microlymphaticovenous anastomosis for treating scrotal elephantiasis. Microsurgery. 1985;6:36–9.
Mukenge SM, Catena M, et al. Assessment of follow-up of patency after lymphovenous microsurgery for treatment of secondary lymphedema in external male genital organs. Eur Urol. 2011;60:1114–9.
Fowler R, Stephens FD. The role of testicular vascular anatomy in the salvage of high undescended testes. Aust N Z J Surg. 1959;29:92–106.
Silber SJ, Kelly J. Successful autotransplantation of an intra-abdominal testicle to the scrotum by microvascular technique. J Urol. 1976;115:452–4.
Giuliani L, Carmignani G. Microsurgical testis autotransplantation. A critical review. Eur Urol. 1983;9:129–32.
Boeckx W, Vereecken R, Depuydt K. Microsurgery for intra-abdominal testicular retention. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1998;81(2):191–6.
Wacksman J, Dinner M, Handler M. Results of testicular autotransplantation using the microvascular technique: experience with 8 intra-abdominal testes. J Urol. 1982;128(6):1319–21.
Tackett LD, Wacksman J, et al. The high intra-abdominal testis: technique and long-term success of laparoscopic testicular autotransplantation. J Endourol. 2002;16(6):359–61.
Kelley BP, Higuera S, et al. Combined laparoscopic and microsurgical techniques for testicular autotransplantation: is this still an evolving technique? J Reconstr Microsurg. 2010;26(8): 555–8.
Silber SJ. Transplantation of a human testis for anorchia. Fertil Steril. 1978;30:181–7.
Lin SD, Lai CS, Su PY. Replantation of the testis by microsurgical technique. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1985;76(4):620–5.
Ramdas S, Thomas A, Thomas A, Arun Kumar S. Temporary ectopic testicular replantation, refabrication and orthotopic transfer. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2007;60(7):700–3.
Altarac S. A case of testicle replantation. J Urol. 1993;150(5 Pt 1):1507–8.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mehta, A., Goldstein, M. (2013). Noninfertility Scrotal Microsurgery. In: Sandlow, J. (eds) Microsurgery for Fertility Specialists. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4196-0_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4196-0_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-4195-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-4196-0
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)