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Facial Plastic Surgery

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Anesthesiology and Otolaryngology

Abstract

Americans spend nearly 11 billion dollars annually on cosmetic procedures. Of that total, almost $6.6 billion is spent on surgical procedures [1]. Beauty is often characterized by a combination of factors that involve symmetry and aesthetically pleasing proportions and relationships. An understanding of the proportions, angles, measurements, and relationships that are considered the standards for the attractive face give the surgeon an appreciation for what is askew when a face characteristic is outside the considered normal range and the patient is dissatisfied with his or her appearance.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Otolaryngology and Structural & Chemical Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10549, USA

    Adam I. Levine M.D.

  2. Department of Anesthesiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10028, USA

    Samuel DeMaria Jr.

  3. Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA

    Eunice Park & William Lawson

Authors
  1. Adam I. Levine M.D.
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  2. Samuel DeMaria Jr.
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  3. Eunice Park
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  4. William Lawson
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adam I. Levine M.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Otolaryngology, and, Structural & Chemical Biology, Department of Anesthesiology,, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, 10029, New York, USA

    Adam I. Levine

  2. Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology -, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, 10029, New York, USA

    Satish Govindaraj

  3. Department of Anesthesiology, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, 10029, New York, USA

    Samuel DeMaria, Jr.

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Levine, A.I., DeMaria, S., Park, E., Lawson, W. (2013). Facial Plastic Surgery. In: Levine, A., Govindaraj, S., DeMaria, Jr., S. (eds) Anesthesiology and Otolaryngology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4184-7_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4184-7_12

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-4183-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-4184-7

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