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Degradation of Implant Materials pp 481–508Cite as

Biological Responses to and Toxicity of Nanoscale Implant Materials

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Abstract

Nanomaterial safety and toxicity are of great importance for nanomaterial-based medical implants. A better understanding of the fate of nanomaterials after production and after implantation is clearly necessary. In terms of implant degradation, nanoscale materials can be generated and released into peripheral host tissues regardless of their constituent grain sizes (or other characteristic features, such as particle size). Unfortunately, the biological responses to and toxicity of nanoscale implant materials have not been sufficiently studied to date, partially due to the complexity of such studies and the lack of well-established methods to do so. In this chapter, the advances and progression of biological responses (especially concerning the toxicity of nanoscale implant materials either after production or implantation) are summarized. Prior to that discussion, host responses to implant materials and properties of nanomaterials pertinent to their altered biological responses are introduced.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA

    Lei Yang & Thomas J. Webster

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P.R. China

    Lei Yang

  3. Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation (IMNI), Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA

    Thomas J. Webster

  4. Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA

    Thomas J. Webster

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  1. Lei Yang
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Correspondence to Thomas J. Webster .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fac. Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel

    Noam Eliaz

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Yang, L., Webster, T.J. (2012). Biological Responses to and Toxicity of Nanoscale Implant Materials. In: Eliaz, N. (eds) Degradation of Implant Materials. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3942-4_18

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