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Principles of Deglutition pp 411–420Cite as

Disorders of Appetite, Eating, and Swallowing in the Dementias

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Abstract

It is well known that eating problems occur in association with cognitive dysfunction, psychiatric problems, and decline of daily activity in individuals with dementia. Feeding and eating difficulties leading to weight loss are common in the advanced stages of dementia. In contrast to the wealth of information on advanced dementia, relatively few studies have addressed the eating problems in mild dementia and disease-specific behaviors. As the disease progresses, patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have difficulty swallowing due to sensory impairment secondary to dysfunctions in the temporoparietal areas. Vascular dementia patients showed more deficits in bolus formation and mastication of semisolid food, hyolaryngeal excursion, epiglottic inversion, and silent aspiration caused by motor impairments due to disruptions in the corticobulbar tract. The frequencies of appetite change, alterations in food preference toward sweet foods and changed eating habits, are greater in Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) than in AD. Appetite increase in FTLD seem to be exacerbated by cultural factors in Western countries. Dementia with Lewy bodies patients showed a higher incidence of swallowing problems and anorexia than AD patients.

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Acknowledgments

The present study was undertaken with the support of grants provided by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (Research on dementia) and by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Grant no. 23591718) for MI.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan

    Manabu Ikeda MD, PhD

  2. Neuroscience Research, Frontier Barker Street, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia

    John Hodges MBBS, MD, FRCP

Authors
  1. Manabu Ikeda MD, PhD
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  2. John Hodges MBBS, MD, FRCP
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Manabu Ikeda MD, PhD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Div. Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, West Wisconsin Avenue 9200, Milwaukee, 53226, Wisconsin, USA

    Reza Shaker

  2. , Dpt Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surg., UC Davis Medical Center, Stockton Blvd. 2521, Sacramento, 95817, California, USA

    Peter C. Belafsky

  3. Ctr for Voice, Airway & Swallowing Disor, Department of Otolaryngology, Georgia Health Sciences University, 15th Street 1120, Augusta, 30912, Georgia, USA

    Gregory N. Postma

  4. , Dpt of Communication Sciences & Disorder, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, East Hartford Ave 2400, Milwaukee, 53201, Wisconsin, USA

    Caryn Easterling

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Ikeda, M., Hodges, J. (2013). Disorders of Appetite, Eating, and Swallowing in the Dementias. In: Shaker, R., Belafsky, P., Postma, G., Easterling, C. (eds) Principles of Deglutition. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3794-9_28

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3794-9_28

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-3793-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-3794-9

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