Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Molecular Biopsy of Neuroendocrine Carcinomas Other Than Small Cell Carcinoma

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Molecular Pathology of Lung Cancer

Part of the book series: Molecular Pathology Library ((MPLB,volume 6))

  • 1734 Accesses

Abstract

Pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas primarily include the low grade typical carcinoid, the intermediate grade atypical carcinoid, and the high grade carcinomas: large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and small cell carcinoma. The carcinoid tumors differ from their high grade counterparts in several aspects on a molecular level, and additionally differ in behavior and other clinical aspects. This chapter focuses on the abnormalities found in carcinoid tumors, discusses how they differ from their high grade counterparts as well as their potential role in future targeted therapy. The abnormalities unique to large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and their potential role in targeted therapy are also discussed in this chapter.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Travis WD, Brambilla E, Müller-Hermelink HK, Harris CC. Pathology and genetics: tumours of the lung, pleura, thymus and heart. Lyon: IARC; 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Travis WD. Lung tumours with neuroendocrine differentiation. Eur J Cancer. 2009;45 Suppl 1:251–66.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Rekhtman N. Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung: an update. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010;134(11): 1628–38.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Lim E, Goldstraw P, Nicholson AG, et al. Proceedings of the IASLC International Workshop on Advances in Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors 2007. J Thorac Oncol. 2008;3(10):1194–201.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Flieder DB. Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung: recent developments in histopathology. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2002;8(4):275–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Jones MH, Virtanen C, Honjoh D, et al. Two prognostically significant subtypes of high-grade lung neuroendocrine tumours independent of small-cell and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas identified by gene expression profiles. Lancet. 2004;363(9411): 775–81.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Debelenko LV, Swalwell JI, Kelley MJ, et al. MEN1 gene mutation analysis of high-grade neuroendocrine lung carcinoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2000;28(1):58–65.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Finkelstein SD, Hasegawa T, Colby T, Yousem SA. 11q13 Allelic imbalance discriminates pulmonary carcinoids from tumorlets. A microdissection-based genotyping approach useful in clinical practice. Am J Pathol. 1999;155(2):633–40.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Leotlela PD, Jauch A, Holtgreve-Grez H, Thakker RV. Genetics of neuroendocrine and carcinoid tumours. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2003;10(4):437–50.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Walch AK, Zitzelsberger HF, Aubele MM, et al. Typical and atypical carcinoid tumors of the lung are characterized by 11q deletions as detected by comparative genomic hybridization. Am J Pathol. 1998;153(4):1089–98.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Nishio Y, Nakanishi K, Ozeki Y, et al. Telomere length, telomerase activity, and expressions of human telomerase mRNA component (hTERC) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2007;37(1):16–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Brambilla E, Negoescu A, Gazzeri S, et al. Apoptosis-related factors p53, Bcl2, and Bax in neuroendocrine lung tumors. Am J Pathol. 1996;149(6):1941–52.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Beasley MB, Lantuejoul S, Abbondanzo S, et al. The P16/cyclin D1/Rb pathway in neuroendocrine tumors of the lung. Hum Pathol. 2003;34(2):136–42.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Toyooka S, Toyooka KO, Maruyama R, et al. DNA methylation profiles of lung tumors. Mol Cancer Ther. 2001;1(1):61–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Shivapurkar N, Toyooka S, Eby MT, et al. Differential inactivation of caspase-8 in lung cancers. Cancer Biol Ther. 2002;1(1):65–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Balsara BR, Testa JR. Chromosomal imbalances in human lung cancer. Oncogene. 2002;21(45):6877–83.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Onuki N, Wistuba II, Travis WD, et al. Genetic changes in the spectrum of neuroendocrine lung tumors. Cancer. 1999;85(3):600–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Voortman J, Lee JH, Killian JK, et al. Array comparative genomic hybridization-based characterization of genetic alterations in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107(29):13040–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Dong M, Yao JC. mTOR inhibition, a potential novel approach for bronchial carcinoids. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2011;18(3):C15–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Righi L, Volante M, Rapa I, Scagliotti GV, Papotti M. Neuro-endocrine tumours of the lung. A review of relevant pathological and molecular data. Virchows Arch. 2007;451 Suppl 1:S51–59.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Righi L, Volante M, Rapa I, et al. Mammalian target of rapamycin signaling activation patterns in neuroendocrine tumors of the lung. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2010;17(4):977–87.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Capdevila J, Salazar R. Molecular targeted therapies in the treatment of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Target Oncol. 2009;4(4):287–96.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Bertino EM, Confer PD, Colonna JE, Ross P, Otterson GA. Pulmonary neuroendocrine/carcinoid tumors: a review article. Cancer. 2009;115(19):4434–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Simon R, Bourne PA, Yang Q, et al. Extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas express K homology domain containing protein overexpressed in cancer, but carcinoid tumors do not. Hum Pathol. 2007;38(8):1178–83.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Xu H, Bourne PA, Spaulding BO, Wang HL. High-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung express K homology domain containing protein overexpressed in cancer but carcinoid tumors do not. Hum Pathol. 2007;38(4):555–63.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Rickman OB, Vohra PK, Sanyal B, et al. Analysis of ErbB receptors in pulmonary carcinoid tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2009;15(10):3315–24.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Rossi G, Cavazza A, Marchioni A, et al. Role of chemotherapy and the receptor tyrosine kinases KIT, PDGFRalpha, PDGFRbeta, and Met in large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(34):8774–85.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Inamura K, Takeuchi K, Togashi Y, et al. EML4-ALK fusion is linked to histological characteristics in a subset of lung cancers. J Thorac Oncol. 2008;3(1):13–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Travis WD. Advances in neuroendocrine lung tumors. Ann Oncol. 2010;21 Suppl 7:vii65–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Travis WD, Linnoila RI, Tsokos MG, et al. Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung with proposed criteria for large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. An ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric study of 35 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1991;15(6):529–53.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Jiang SX, Kameya T, Asamura H, et al. hASH1 expression is closely correlated with endocrine phenotype and differentiation extent in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Mod Pathol. 2004;17(2):222–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Varlotto JM, Medford-Davis LN, Recht A, Flickinger JC, Schaefer E, Zander DS, DeCamp MM. Should large cell neuroendocrine lung carcinoma be classified and treated as a small cell lung cancer or with other large cell carcinomas? J Thorac Oncol. 2011 Jun;6(6):1050–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    Mary Beth Beasley MD

Authors
  1. Mary Beth Beasley MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mary Beth Beasley MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Department of Pathology, The Methodist Hospital, 6565 Fannin Street, Houston, 77030, Texas, USA

    Philip T. Cagle

  2. Health Science Center at Tyler, Department of Pathology, The University of Texas, 11937 US Highway 271, Tyler, 75708, Texas, USA

    Timothy Craig Allen

  3. , Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, 10029, New York, USA

    Mary Beth Beasley

  4. , Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA

    Lucian R. Chirieac

  5. Medical Center, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop St. - PUH C608, Pittsburgh, 15213, Pennsylvania, USA

    Sanja Dacic

  6. Medical Center, Department of Pathology &, Columbia University, 630 W. 168th Street VC-14-215, New York, 10032, New York, USA

    Alain C. Borczuk

  7. Medical School, Department of Pathology, Aberdeen University, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom

    Keith M. Kerr

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Beasley, M.B. (2012). Molecular Biopsy of Neuroendocrine Carcinomas Other Than Small Cell Carcinoma. In: Cagle, P., et al. Molecular Pathology of Lung Cancer. Molecular Pathology Library, vol 6. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3197-8_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3197-8_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-3196-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-3197-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation