Abstract
The field of protein folding appears to have gone through a paradigm shift around 1995, largely due to the work of Wolynes and his group (Wolynes et al. 1995; Dill and Chan 1997; Harrison and Durbin 1985). The paradigm shift involves replacing the idea of folding pathways with the so-called folding funnel (see Fig. 11.1). In other words, the earlier notion of a denatured protein folding to its final native conformation through a series of distinct intermediate conformational states has been replaced by a new view, according to which an ensemble of conformational isomers (often called “conformers,” not to be confused with “conformons”; a conformer can carry many conformons in it; see Sect. 11.3.2) of a denatured protein undergoes a transition to a final native conformation through a series of “ensembles” of conformational intermediates, each intermediate following a unique folding path to the final common native structure. In short, the paradigm shift is from individual intermediate conformational isomers of a protein to an ensemble of the conformational isomers, on the one hand, and from a single folding pathway to an ensemble of folding pathways (down the folding funnel), on the other.
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Ji, S. (2012). Subcellular Systems. In: Molecular Theory of the Living Cell. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2152-8_11
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